The hype concerning digitalization is increasing the demand for new generations of automation systems. Concepts like Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) give us models but do not tell us how to facilitate actual implementations. This article discusses the transition from legacy automation technology as defined by ISA-95 to highly distributed Internet of Things (IoT)- and system of systems (SoS)- based automation systems that fully utilize Internet technologies, thus enabling the implementation of Industry 4.0 and RAMI 4.0 models. Distributed IoT automation systems have a number of general requirements concerning real-time performance, security, engineering cost, scalability, and interoperability. Meeting these requirements is necessary to enable possibilities for a realworld implementation of IoT automation. A key concept is local automation clouds. The discussion is based on a particular example of such an automation integration platform, the Arrowhead Framework.

中文翻译：

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本地云物联网自动化：分布式物联网自动化解决方案的技术和商业模式特点

有关数字化的炒作正在增加对新一代自动化系统的需求。参考架构模型工业 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) 等概念为我们提供了模型，但并未告诉我们如何促进实际实施。本文讨论了从 ISA-95 定义的传统自动化技术到高度分布式物联网 (IoT) 和基于系统的系统 (SoS) 的自动化系统的转变，这些自动化系统充分利用了互联网技术，从而实现了工业 4.0 和RAMI 4.0 模型。分布式物联网自动化系统有许多关于实时性能、安全性、工程成本、可扩展性和互操作性的一般要求。满足这些要求对于实现物联网自动化的现实世界实现可能性是必要的。一个关键概念是本地自动化云。讨论基于此类自动化集成平台的一个特定示例，即 Arrowhead 框架。