The Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by the Member States of the United Nations in September 2016, contain both ‘Outcome’ and ‘Means of Implementation’ targets. However, there is generally weak evidence linking the Means of Implementation to outcomes, they are imperfectly conceptualised and inconsistently formulated, and tracking their largely qualitative indicators will be difficult. In this paper, we analyse and critique the Means of Implementation targets of the Sustainable Development Goal on water and sanitation (SDG6). Improvements are recommended that would reflect: the considerable investment needed to attain SDG6; the important role of the state, including government leadership and planning; the utility of disaggregating financial and capacity-building assistance; and the need for people to realise their rights to information, voice and remedy. Recommendations are also made for relevant indicators, including indicators that are applicable to governments in both aid-providing and aid-receiving countries.

联合国会员国于2016年9月通过的《可持续发展目标》既包含“成果”指标，又包含“实施手段”指标。但是，一般而言，证据薄弱的将执行手段与成果联系起来，它们的概念不完善，制定方式也不一致，因此很难追踪其主要定性指标。在本文中，我们分析和批评了关于水和卫生设施的可持续发展目标（SDG6）的实施目标的方法。建议进行以下改进：•实现“可持续发展目标6”所需的大量投资；国家的重要作用，包括政府领导和计划；分解财政和能力建设援助的效用；以及人们实现其知情权的需求，声音和补救措施。还提出了有关指标的建议，包括适用于提供援助和接受援助国家的政府的指标。