Given their neuroanatomical similarities to humans and their ability to perform complex behaviors, the nonhuman primate has been an important model for understanding complex systems such as sensory processing, motor control, social interaction, and nervous system disorders. Optogenetics offers cell-type specific neural control with millisecond precision, making it a powerful neural modulation technique. Combining optogenetics with the nonhuman primate model promises to lead to significant advances in both basic and applied research. In the past few years, optogenetics has made considerable progress in the nonhuman primate. Here, we systematically review the current state-of-art of optogenetics in the nonhuman primate with an emphasis on behavioral manipulation. Given its recent successes, we believe that the progress in the nonhuman primate will boost the translation of optogenetics to clinical applications in the near future.

考虑到它们与人类的神经解剖学相似性以及执行复杂行为的能力，非人类灵长类动物已经成为理解复杂系统（如感觉过程，运动控制，社交互动和神经系统疾病）的重要模型。光遗传学提供毫秒级精度的特定于细胞类型的神经控制，使其成为一种强大的神经调制技术。将光遗传学与非人类灵长类动物模型相结合有望在基础研究和应用研究中取得重大进展。在过去的几年中，光遗传学在非人类灵长类动物中取得了长足的进步。在这里，我们系统地回顾了非人类灵长类动物中光遗传学的最新技术，重点是行为操纵。鉴于最近的成功，