There is emerging evidence that parent–child interactions are affected by early childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI). These findings are of functional importance when considering the high prevalence of TBI in early childhood alongside evidence that young children exposed to positive relationships with their parents early in life exhibit better social functioning concurrently and longitudinally. Given that the overall quality of parent–child interactions is the result of both parent and child emotional and behavioural dispositions, it remains unclear which parental or child‐related factors contribute to the quality of interactions post‐TBI. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that contribute to the quality of parent–child interactions following early childhood TBI. The sample included 68 children (18–60 months at recruitment) with accidental, uncomplicated mild TBI (mTBI). The quality of parent–child interactions was assessed 6 months post‐injury using the Mutually Responsive Orientation scale, an observational measure of the dyadic quality of parent–child exchanges. Potential contributing factors were assessed among parental factors (e.g., age, socioeconomic status, family burden, parental stress, marital satisfaction) and child‐related factors (e.g., age, sex, symptoms, fatigue, adaptive/behavioural skills). Socioeconomic status, child post‐concussive symptoms, and child sleep problems were found to be significant independent contributing factors to parent–child interactions six months post‐injury. This study provides the first evidence that both parental and child factors relate to the quality of parent–child interactions following mTBI, thus contributing to a better understanding of the scope and complexity of factors that play a role in childrens' recovery.

中文翻译：

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儿童早期轻度脑外伤后影响亲子互动质量的因素。

越来越多的证据表明，亲子互动受到儿童早期脑外伤（TBI）的影响。当考虑到幼儿期TBI的高患病率时，这些发现具有重要的功能意义。同时，有证据表明，在生命早期与父母建立积极关系的幼儿表现出更好的同时和纵向的社会功能。鉴于父母与孩子互动的总体质量是父母和孩子的情感和行为倾向的结果，因此尚不清楚哪些父母或孩子相关因素会影响TBI后的互动质量。这项研究的目的是调查影响儿童早期TBI后亲子互动质量的因素。该样本包括68名儿童（征募时间为18-60个月），他们患有偶然的，无并发症的轻度TBI（mTBI）。损伤后6个月，使用相互反应取向量表评估了亲子互动的质量，该量表是对亲子交流的二元质量的一种观察指标。在父母因素（例如年龄，社会经济地位，家庭负担，父母压力，婚姻满意度）和与儿童有关的因素（例如年龄，性别，症状，疲劳，适应/行为能力）中评估了潜在的影响因素。发现社会经济状况，儿童脑震荡后症状和儿童睡眠问题是伤害六个月后父母与孩子互动的重要独立因素。