Abstract The Taguchi methodology was utilized to determine the influence of three factors, namely nanostructured alumina (A) and micro-structured titanium (B) weight percents and sintering temperature (C) on the phase stability, mechanical and structural properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) composites. HA nanosized powder was synthesized via wet precipitation method. According to L9 orthogonal array, different combinations of powder mixtures were cold isostatically pressed and pressure-less sintered in a reducing atmosphere. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of HA phase and metallic Ti after sintering. Analyze of Variance (ANOVA) method was used to specify the percentage contributions of three factors. Addition of 5–10 wt% titanium contributed to increasing the decomposition of HA and the amount of open porosity by 43.07% and 55.40%, respectively and caused a decrease in the strength by 44.67%. Alumina nanoparticles consistently inhibited the grain growth but showed a negligible effect on the decomposition of HA. It also caused enhancements in the strength and toughness by 14.61 and 23.70% contributions. According to ANOVA, sintering temperature illustrated considerable effects on the properties of HA composites. It exhibited more than 56% contribution to the grain growth and decomposition of HA. Structural investigations led to a total optimum condition with a combination of 7 wt % alumina/3 wt % titanium/1150 °C.

中文翻译：

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用于优化羟基磷灰石-氧化铝-钛纳米复合材料结构和力学性能的田口设计

摘要 利用田口方法确定了三个因素，即纳米结构氧化铝 (A) 和微结构钛 (B) 的重量百分比和烧结温度 (C) 对羟基磷灰石 (HA) 的相稳定性、机械和结构性能的影响。复合材料。HA纳米粉体采用湿法沉淀法合成。根据L9正交阵列，不同组合的粉末混合物在还原气氛中冷等静压和无压烧结。XRD 分析证实了烧结后 HA 相和金属 Ti 的存在。方差分析 (ANOVA) 方法用于指定三个因素的百分比贡献。添加 5-10 wt% 的钛有助于增加 HA 的分解和开孔量 43.07% 和 55.40%，分别导致强度下降44.67%。氧化铝纳米粒子始终抑制晶粒生长，但对 HA 分解的影响可以忽略不计。它还使强度和韧性提高了 14.61% 和 23.70%。根据方差分析，烧结温度对 HA 复合材料的性能有相当大的影响。它对 HA 的晶粒生长和分解的贡献超过 56%。结构研究得出了 7 重量 % 氧化铝/3 重量 % 钛/1150 °C 组合的总体最佳条件。根据方差分析，烧结温度对 HA 复合材料的性能有相当大的影响。它对 HA 的晶粒生长和分解的贡献超过 56%。结构研究得出了 7 重量 % 氧化铝/3 重量 % 钛/1150 °C 组合的总体最佳条件。根据方差分析，烧结温度对 HA 复合材料的性能有相当大的影响。它对 HA 的晶粒生长和分解的贡献超过 56%。结构研究得出了 7 重量 % 氧化铝/3 重量 % 钛/1150 °C 组合的总体最佳条件。