Owing to the difficulty of obtaining direct access to the functioning brain, new approaches are needed for the indirect exploration of brain disorders in neuroscience research. Due to its embryonic origin, the retina is part of the central nervous system and is well suited to the investigation of neurological functions in psychiatric and addictive disorders. In this review, we focus on cannabis use, which is a crucial public health challenge, since cannabis is one of the most widely used addictive drugs in industrialized countries. We first explain why studying retinal function is relevant when exploring the effects of cannabis use on brain function. Next, we describe both the retinal electrophysiological measurements and retinal dysfunctions observed after acute and regular cannabis use. We then discuss how these retinal dysfunctions may inform brain synaptic transmission abnormalities. Finally, we present various directions for future research on the neurotoxic effects of cannabis use.

中文翻译：

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大麻使用与人类视网膜：研究大麻使用者脑突触传递功能障碍的途径。

由于难以直接进入功能正常的大脑，因此需要新的方法来间接探索神经科学研究中的脑部疾病。由于其胚胎起源，视网膜是中枢神经系统的一部分，非常适合研究精神病和成瘾性疾病的神经功能。在本综述中，我们将重点放在大麻的使用上，这是至关重要的公共卫生挑战，因为大麻是工业化国家中使用最广泛的成瘾药物之一。我们首先解释为什么在研究大麻使用对脑功能的影响时研究视网膜功能是重要的。接下来，我们描述在急性和定期使用大麻后观察到的视网膜电生理测量值和视网膜功能障碍。然后，我们讨论这些视网膜功能障碍如何可能导致大脑突触传递异常。最后，我们为大麻使用的神经毒性作用的未来研究提出了各种方向。