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One-body reduced density-matrix functional theory in finite basis sets at elevated temperatures
Physics Reports ( IF 23.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2019.01.010
Klaas J.H. Giesbertz , Michael Ruggenthaler

In this review we provide a rigorous and self-contained presentation of one-body reduced density-matrix (1RDM) functional theory. We do so for the case of a finite basis set, where density-functional theory (DFT) implicitly becomes a 1RDM functional theory. To avoid non-uniqueness issues we consider the case of fermionic and bosonic systems at elevated temperature and variable particle number, i.e, a grand-canonical ensemble. For the fermionic case the Fock space is finite-dimensional due to the Pauli principle and we can provide a rigorous 1RDM functional theory relatively straightforwardly. For the bosonic case, where arbitrarily many particles can occupy a single state, the Fock space is infinite-dimensional and mathematical subtleties (not every hermitian Hamiltonian is self-adjoint, expectation values can become infinite, and not every self-adjoint Hamiltonian has a Gibbs state) make it necessary to impose restrictions on the allowed Hamiltonians and external non-local potentials. For simple conditions on the interaction of the bosons a rigorous 1RDM functional theory can be established, where we exploit the fact that due to the finite one-particle space all 1RDMs are finite-dimensional. We also discuss the problems arising from 1RDM functional theory as well as DFT formulated for an infinite-dimensional one-particle space.

中文翻译:

高温下有限基组中的整体约简密度矩阵泛函理论

在这篇评论中,我们提供了一个严格且独立的一体式降低密度矩阵 (1RDM) 泛函理论。我们在有限基组的情况下这样做,其中密度泛函理论 (DFT) 隐含地变成了 1RDM 泛函理论。为了避免非唯一性问题,我们考虑在高温和可变粒子数下的费米子和玻色子系统的情况,即正则系综。对于费米子情况,由于泡利原理,Fock 空间是有限维的,我们可以相对直接地提供严格的 1RDM 泛函理论。对于玻色子情况,其中任意多个粒子可以占据一个状态,福克空间是无限维和数学微妙的(并非每个厄密哈密顿量都是自伴随的,期望值可以变得无限,并且不是每个自伴哈密顿量都有吉布斯状态)使得有必要对允许的哈密顿量和外部非局部势施加限制。对于玻色子相互作用的简单条件,可以建立严格的 1RDM 泛函理论,我们利用这样一个事实,即由于有限的单粒子空间,所有 1RDM 都是有限维的。我们还讨论了 1RDM 泛函理论以及为无限维单粒子空间制定的 DFT 所产生的问题。我们利用这样一个事实,即由于有限的单粒子空间,所有 1RDM 都是有限维的。我们还讨论了 1RDM 泛函理论以及为无限维单粒子空间制定的 DFT 所产生的问题。我们利用这样一个事实,即由于有限的单粒子空间,所有 1RDM 都是有限维的。我们还讨论了 1RDM 泛函理论以及为无限维单粒子空间制定的 DFT 所产生的问题。
更新日期:2019-05-01
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