Although, as the major organ of gas exchange, the lung is considered a nonlymphoid organ, an interconnected network of lung-resident innate cells, including epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells is crucial for its protection. These cells provide defense against a daily assault by airborne bacteria, viruses, and fungi, as well as prevent the development of cancer, allergy, and the outgrowth of commensals. Our understanding of this innate immune environment has recently changed with the discovery of a family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs): ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s. All lack adaptive antigen receptors but can provide a substantial and rapid source of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-13, and IL-17A or IL-22, respectively. Their ability to afford immediate protection to the lung and to influence subsequent adaptive immune responses highlights the importance of understanding ILC-regulated immunity for the design of future therapeutic interventions.

中文翻译：

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肺的先天淋巴样细胞。

尽管作为气体交换的主要器官，肺被认为是非淋巴器官，但肺驻留先天细胞（包括上皮细胞，树突状细胞，巨噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞）的相互连接的网络对于其保护至关重要。这些细胞可抵抗空中细菌，病毒和真菌的日常侵袭，并防止癌症，过敏和常见病的发生。随着对先天性淋巴样细胞（ILC）家族的发现，我们对先天性免疫环境的理解发生了变化：ILC1，ILC2和ILC3。它们都缺乏适应性抗原受体，但可以分别提供大量且快速的IFN-γ，IL-5和IL-13以及IL-17A或IL-22来源。