Over the last three decades there has been an accumulation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies reporting that aberrant functional networks may underlie cognitive deficits and other symptoms across a range of psychiatric diagnoses. The use of pharmacological MRI and ¹H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) has allowed researchers to investigate how changes in network dynamics are related to perturbed excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in individuals with psychiatric conditions. More recently, changes in functional network dynamics and excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) neurotransmission have been linked to early childhood trauma, a major antecedents for psychiatric illness in adulthood. Here we review studies investigating whether perturbed network dynamics seen across psychiatric conditions are related to changes in E/I neurotransmission, and whether such changes could be linked to childhood trauma. Whilst there is currently a paucity of studies relating early traumatic experiences to altered E/I balance and network function, the research discussed here lead towards a plausible mechanistic hypothesis, linking early traumatic experiences to cognitive dysfunction and symptoms mediated by E/I neurotransmitter imbalances.

在过去的三十年中，磁共振成像（MRI）研究的积累表明，在一系列精神病学诊断中，异常的功能网络可能是认知缺陷和其他症状的基础。药理MRI和¹ H磁共振波谱学的使用（¹H-MRS）使研究人员能够研究网络动力学的变化与精神病患者的兴奋性兴奋性和抑制性神经传递的关系。最近，功能网络动力学和兴奋性/抑制性（E / I）神经传递的变化已与儿童早期创伤相关，后者是成年后精神病的主要先决条件。在这里，我们回顾研究调查跨精神病学条件的扰动的网络动态是否与E / I神经传递的变化有关，以及这种变化是否可能与儿童期创伤有关。尽管目前很少有关于早期创伤经历与E / I平衡和网络功能改变相关的研究，但此处讨论的研究导致了合理的机械假设，