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The impact of bicycle helmet legislation on cycling fatalities in Australia.
International Journal of Epidemiology ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 , DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz003
Jake Olivier 1, 2 , Sofiane Boufous 2 , Raphael Grzebieta 2
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Australian bicycle helmet laws were first introduced in Victoria in July 1990 and the remaining Australian states, Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory by July 1992. Previous research on helmet legislation has focused on changes in helmet wearing and bicycle-related head injury. Although it is generally accepted that bicycle helmets can reduce the risk of fatality due to head injury, there has been little research assessing the impact of helmet legislation on cycling fatalities. METHODS An interrupted time series approach was used to assess the impact of bicycle helmet legislation on yearly-aggregated rates of bicycle-related fatalities per population from 1971 to 2016. RESULTS Immediately following bicycle helmet legislation, the rate of bicycle fatalities per 1 000 000 population reduced by 46% relative to the pre-legislation trend [95% confidence interval (CI): 31, 58]. For the period 1990-2016, we estimate 1332 fewer cycling fatalities (95% CI: 1201, 1463) or an average of 49.4 per year (95% CI: 44.5, 54.2). Reductions were also observed for pedestrian fatalities; however, bicycle fatalities declined by 36% relative to pedestrian fatalities (95% CI: 12, 54). CONCLUSIONS In the absence of robust evidence showing a decline in cycling exposure following helmet legislation or other confounding factors, the reduction in Australian bicycle-related fatality appears to be primarily due to increased helmet use and not other factors.

中文翻译:

自行车头盔立法对澳大利亚自行车死亡的影响。

背景技术澳大利亚的自行车头盔法最早于1990年7月在维多利亚州实施,其余的澳大利亚州,澳大利亚的首都地区和北领地则于1992年7月引入。以前的头盔法规研究集中在头盔佩戴和自行车相关的头部受伤方面。尽管人们普遍认为自行车头盔可以减少因头部受伤而导致死亡的风险,但很少有研究评估头盔法规对自行车死亡的影响。方法采用中断时间序列方法来评估自行车头盔立法对1971年至2016年每人每年与自行车相关的死亡总数的影响。结果紧随自行车头盔立法之后,相对于立法前的趋势,每1亿人口的自行车死亡率下降了46%[95%置信区间(CI):31,58]。在1990-2016年期间,我们估计自行车死亡人数减少了1332(95%CI:1201、1463)或每年平均49.4(95%CI:44.5、54.2)。行人死亡人数也有所减少;但是,自行车行人死亡人数相对于行人死亡人数下降了36%(95%CI:12、54)。结论在没有有力的证据表明头盔法规或其他混杂因素导致骑自行车暴露量下降的情况下,澳大利亚自行车相关死亡人数的减少似乎主要是由于增加了头盔的使用,而不是其他因素。1463)或每年平均49.4(95%CI:44.5、54.2)。行人死亡人数也有所减少;但是,自行车行人死亡人数相对于行人死亡人数下降了36%(95%CI:12、54)。结论在没有有力的证据表明头盔法规或其他混杂因素导致骑自行车暴露量下降的情况下,澳大利亚自行车相关死亡人数的减少似乎主要是由于增加了头盔的使用,而不是其他因素。1463)或每年平均49.4(95%CI:44.5、54.2)。行人死亡人数也有所减少;但是,自行车行人死亡人数相对于行人死亡人数下降了36%(95%CI:12、54)。结论在没有有力的证据表明头盔法规或其他混杂因素导致骑自行车暴露量下降的情况下,澳大利亚自行车相关死亡人数的减少似乎主要是由于增加了头盔的使用,而不是其他因素。
更新日期:2019-08-15
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