Compacted clay liners and geomembranes are extensively used as bottom liners in municipal solid waste landfills, to minimize groundwater contamination due to the migration of landfill leachate. Seepage of leachate, however, can still transport pollutants in leachate through the bottom liner and cause environmental contamination. Design of a landfill site, therefore, requires estimation of the breakthrough time of the bottom liner. Current methods to calculate this breakthrough time are extremely complicated, so this study investigated a simplified calculation. For one–dimensional vertical transport of a key indicator pollutant, two simplified formulas are proposed to calculate breakthrough times of single compacted clay and composite liners. The proposed method considers pollutant transport mechanisms of advection, diffusion, mechanical dispersion, and adsorption. It is easy to use and can provide a reference for design, management, and subsequent restoration of such landfill sites.

压实的粘土衬里和土工膜被广泛用作城市固体垃圾掩埋场的底部衬里，以最大程度地减少由于垃圾渗滤液的迁移而对地下水造成的污染。但是，渗滤液的渗漏仍会通过底衬将渗滤液中的污染物运输出去，并造成环境污染。因此，垃圾掩埋场的设计需要估算底衬的穿透时间。当前的计算突破时间的方法极其复杂，因此本研究研究了一种简化的计算方法。对于关键指示污染物的一维垂直传输，提出了两个简化公式来计算单个压实粘土和复合衬砌的穿透时间。提出的方法考虑了对流，扩散，机械扩散的污染物传输机制，和吸附。它易于使用，可以为此类垃圾填埋场的设计，管理和后续修复提供参考。