Abstract Spectroscopic measurements with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopes have been used very successfully for studying not only individual atomic or molecular spins on surfaces but also complexly designed coupled systems. The symmetry breaking of the supporting surface induces magnetic anisotropy which lead to characteristic fingerprints in the spectrum of the differential conductance and can be well understood with simple model Hamiltonians. Furthermore, correlated many-particle states can emerge due to the interaction with itinerant electrons of the electrodes, making these systems ideal prototypical quantum systems. In this manuscript more complex bipartite and spin-chains will be discussed additionally. Their spectra enable to determine precisely the nature of the interactions between the spins which can lead to the formation of new quantum states which emerge by interatomic entanglement.

中文翻译：

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用扫描隧道光谱探测单自旋和耦合自旋系统中的磁激发和相关性

摘要 低温扫描隧道显微镜的光谱测量不仅可以非常成功地用于研究表面上的单个原子或分子自旋，还可以用于研究复杂设计的耦合系统。支撑表面的对称性破坏会引起磁各向异性，从而导致微分电导谱中的特征指纹，并且可以用简单的哈密顿模型很好地理解。此外，由于与电极的流动电子的相互作用，可以出现相关的多粒子状态，使这些系统成为理想的原型量子系统。在这份手稿中，将另外讨论更复杂的二分链和自旋链。