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Pliocene crocodiles from Kanapoi, Turkana Basin, Kenya.
Journal of Human Evolution ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.003
Christopher A Brochu 1
Affiliation  

Three crocodylid species are known from the Pliocene Kanapoi locality in the western Turkana Basin. One of these, Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni, includes material previously referred to Crocodylus niloticus (the modern Nile crocodile currently living in Lake Turkana) and Rimasuchus lloydi. C. thorbjarnarsoni was a gigantic horned crocodile similar in overall shape to most other generalized crocodylids, but its closest known relative is another extinct species, Crocodylus anthropophagus from the Pleistocene of Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. It is not closely related to C. niloticus. The second is an extinct form of sharp-nosed crocodile (Mecistops), a group of slender-snouted crocodylids currently restricted to western and central Africa. The third is Euthecodon, a crocodylid with an extremely long, slender, and distinctively notched snout. Euthecodon and C. thorbjarnarsoni are known from substantial numbers of specimens, but only one Mecistops specimen has been identified from the locality. The crocodylian fauna at Kanapoi is taxonomically similar to that of most other Plio-Pleistocene fluviolacustrine deposits in the Turkana Basin. Crocodylian diversity in the Turkana region contracted from a peak of five co-existing species in the late Miocene to one today; this contraction was underway by the early Pliocene, but crocodylian diversity remained stable at three species until well into the Quaternary.



中文翻译:

来自肯尼亚图尔卡纳盆地Kanapoi的上新世鳄鱼。

从图尔卡纳盆地西部的上新世卡纳波伊地区可知三种鳄兰。其中之一,Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni,包括以前称为Crocodylus niloticus(目前生活在图尔卡纳湖的现代尼罗河鳄鱼)和Rimasuchus lloydi的材料C. thorbjarnarsoni是一条巨大的有角鳄鱼,其总体形状与大多数其他广义的鳄鳄相似,但其最接近的亲戚是另一个已灭绝的物种,来自坦桑尼亚Olduvai峡谷更新世的嗜人。它与C. niloticus没有密切关系。第二种是尖嘴鳄鱼的灭绝形式(Mecistops),目前只限于西非和中部非洲的一组纤细的鳄鳄。第三个是Euthecodon,一种具有极长,纤细且有明显凹口的吻嘴的鳄鳄。从大量标本中可以了解到EuthecodonC. thorbjarnarsoni,但是只有一个Mecistops标本已从当地确定。卡纳波伊的鳄类动物在分类学上与图尔卡纳盆地的大多数其他上新世氟里斯托湖沉积物相似。图尔卡纳地区的鳄鱼生物多样性从中新世晚期的5种共存物种的高峰减少到今天的一种;这种收缩在上新世早期就开始了,但是鳄鱼的多样性在三个物种中一直保持稳定,直到进入第四纪为止。

更新日期:2019-11-18
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