Abstract Sophisticated architectures consisting of oriented small crystalline blocks are widely observed in biological and biomimetic minerals. Here, mesostructured crystals are categorized in a new family of crystalline states as intermediate between faceted single crystals and polycrystals that are random arrangements of small grains. A variety of hierarchical architectures, such as mesocrystals consisting of isolated nanoblocks, granular textures of biominerals, and helical crystals, are included in the mesostructured crystals. The formation routes of the mesostructured crystals are described on the basis of the specific interaction of crystals and organic molecules or matrices. Moreover, specific features of the particular crystalline states are shown with their unique functions originating from the hierarchical architectures.

中文翻译：

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介孔结构晶体：生长过程和特征

摘要 在生物和仿生矿物中广泛观察到由定向小晶块组成的复杂结构。在这里，细观结构晶体被归类为一个新的晶态家族，介于多晶面的单晶和随机排列的小晶粒多晶之间。介观结构晶体中包含各种层次结构，例如由孤立的纳米块组成的介晶、生物矿物的颗粒纹理和螺旋晶体。细观结构晶体的形成路线是根据晶体与有机分子或基质的特定相互作用来描述的。此外，特定晶态的特定特征以其源自分层结构的独特功能显示出来。