In this paper, a gradient-based refinement of the rotation rate-based Smagorinsky (RoSM) subgrid scale (SGS) model is presented. The refined model satisfies the Galilean invariance condition generally, without any assumptions. The suggested model retains the advantages offered by the original RoSM, thus being simple and efficient. It provides a Smagorinsky model constant that is always positive, with low fluctuations in space and time, without the need for any numerical stability control algorithms. The validity of the proposed SGS model is shown through three test cases, namely, a turbulent channel flow, subcritical flow past a stationary cylinder, and a spatially developing free round jet. The refined RoSM provides comparable results with the dynamic Smagorinsky, while matching well to reference data. The refined RoSM is shown to be computationally efficient, being 20% faster than the dynamic Smagorinsky model.

中文翻译：

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使用速度场梯度对基于旋转速率的 Smagorinsky 模型进行细化

在本文中，提出了基于旋转速率的 Smagorinsky (RoSM) 子网格尺度 (SGS) 模型的基于梯度的细化。改进后的模型一般满足伽利略不变性条件，没有任何假设。建议的模型保留了原始 RoSM 提供的优点，因此简单高效。它提供了一个始终为正的 Smagorinsky 模型常数，空间和时间波动很小，不需要任何数值稳定性控制算法。所提出的 SGS 模型的有效性通过三个测试案例展示，即湍流通道流、通过固定圆柱体的亚临界流和空间发展的自由圆形射流。改进的 RoSM 提供了与动态 Smagorinsky 相当的结果，同时与参考数据很好地匹配。