Back-projection analysis of earthquakes is a type of array processing that images the source of seismic waves coherently recorded at stations throughout the seismic network. The method was developed following the magnitude 9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in 2004. Although properties of earthquakes have been investigated using array data prior to the introduction of the back-projection method, this technique differs from other approaches because it makes limited assumptions and allows detailed and complex rupture propagation to be examined. These advantages have led several researchers to apply the method to many of the largest earthquakes to occur this century. The method has also been effective for the detection of smaller events. A critical component of the success of back-projection has been the development of large-scale, dense seismic arrays. Further improvements and future applications of the method will depend greatly on the continued maintenance and development of these networks.

中文翻译：

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地震的反投影成像

地震的反投影分析是一种阵列处理，它对整个地震台网中台站相干记录的地震波源进行成像。该方法是在 2004 年 9.2 级苏门答腊-安达曼地震之后开发的。尽管在引入反投影方法之前已经使用阵列数据研究了地震的特性，但该技术与其他方法不同，因为它做出的假设有限，并且允许详细和复杂的破裂传播进行检查。这些优势促使一些研究人员将该方法应用于本世纪发生的许多最大地震。该方法对于检测较小的事件也很有效。反投影成功的一个关键组成部分是大规模、密集地震阵列的发展。