Abstract For over 55 years, laser technology has expanded from laboratory research to widespread fields, for example telecommunication and data storage amongst others. Recently application of lasers in biology and medicine presents itself as one of the emerging areas. In this review, we will outline the recent advances in using lasers for the generation of singlet oxygen, traditionally used to kill tumour cells or induce thrombotic stroke model due to damage vascular effects. Over the last two decade, completely new results on cerebrovascular effects of singlet oxygen generated during photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been shown alongside promising applications for delivery of drugs and nanoparticles into the brain for therapy of brain cancer. Furthermore, a “gold key” has been found to overcome the limitations of PDT, such as low light penetration and high toxicity of photosensitizers, by direct generation of singlet oxygen using quantum-dot laser diodes emitting in the near infrared (NIR) spectral range. It is our motivation to highlight these pioneering results in this review, to improve understanding of the biological role of singlet oxygen and to provide new perspectives for improving clinical application of laser based therapy in further research.

中文翻译：

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激光诱导单线态氧的产生及其在脑血管生理中的作用

摘要 55 年来，激光技术已从实验室研究扩展到广泛的领域，例如电信和数据存储等。最近，激光在生物学和医学中的应用成为新兴领域之一。在这篇综述中，我们将概述使用激光产生单线态氧的最新进展，传统上用于杀死肿瘤细胞或由于损伤血管效应诱导血栓性中风模型。在过去的两年中，光动力疗法 (PDT) 期间产生的单线态氧对脑血管影响的全新结果已经显示出来，同时还有将药物和纳米颗粒输送到大脑中以治疗脑癌的有希望的应用。此外，还发现了克服 PDT 局限性的“金钥匙”，例如，通过使用在近红外 (NIR) 光谱范围内发射的量子点激光二极管直接产生单线态氧，光敏剂的低光穿透性和高毒性。我们的动机是在这篇综述中强调这些开创性的结果，以提高对单线态氧生物学作用的理解，并为改进基于激光的治疗在进一步研究中的临床应用提供新的视角。