Current models for the r process are summarized with an emphasis on the key constraints from both nuclear physics measurements and astronomical observations. In particular, we analyze the importance of nuclear physics input such as beta-decay rates; nuclear masses; neutron-capture cross sections; beta-delayed neutron emission; probability of spontaneous fission, beta- and neutron-induced fission, fission fragment mass distributions; neutrino-induced reaction cross sections, etc. We highlight the effects on models for r-process nucleosynthesis of newly measured β-decay half-lives, masses, and spectroscopy of neutron-rich nuclei near the r-process path. We overview r-process nucleosynthesis in the neutrino driven wind above the proto-neutron star in core collapse supernovae along with the possibility of magneto-hydrodynamic jets from rotating supernova explosion models. We also consider the possibility of neutron star mergers as an r-process environment. A key outcome of newly measured nuclear properties far from stability is the degree of shell quenching for neutron rich isotopes near the closed neutron shells. This leads to important constraints on the sites for r-process nucleosynthesis in which freezeout occurs on a rapid timescale.

中文翻译：

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富中子重核的新数据对 r 过程核合成理论模型的影响

r 过程的当前模型进行了总结，重点是来自核物理测量和天文观测的关键约束。我们特别分析了核物理输入的重要性，例如贝塔衰变率；核质量；中子俘获截面；β 延迟中子发射；自发裂变、β 和中子诱导裂变、裂变碎片质量分布的概率；中微子诱导的反应截面等。我们强调了新测量的 β-衰变半衰期、质量和靠近 r 过程路径的富中子核的光谱对 r 过程核合成模型的影响。我们概述了核心坍缩超新星中原中子星上方的中微子驱动风中的 r 过程核合成，以及来自旋转超新星爆炸模型的磁流体动力喷流的可能性。我们还考虑了中子星合并作为 r 过程环境的可能性。新测量的远离稳定的核特性的一个关键结果是封闭中子壳附近富中子同位素的壳淬火程度。这导致对 r 过程核合成位点的重要限制，其中在快速时间尺度上发生冻结。新测量的远离稳定的核特性的一个关键结果是封闭中子壳附近富中子同位素的壳淬火程度。这导致对 r 过程核合成位点的重要限制，其中在快速时间尺度上发生冻结。新测量的远离稳定的核特性的一个关键结果是封闭中子壳附近富中子同位素的壳淬火程度。这导致对 r 过程核合成位点的重要限制，其中在快速时间尺度上发生冻结。