The remarkable physicochemical properties of graphene (GR) and derivatives can be leveraged in the photocatalytic activity of GR-semiconductor photocatalysts. The hitherto state of knowledge on the role of GR in these composite materials is insufficient and leaves many questions unanswered, thus it is imperative to fully understand the interaction mechanisms between GR and inorganic semiconductors. Detailed study and optimization of the features related to the interface are still very much sought to efficiently design photocatalysts targeting their eventual commercialization. This review shows that photocatalytic activity of such composites depends not only on high GR electron mobility and charge transfer, but also on the properties of the interface (such as interface morphology, size, crystal phases and facet, dimensionality of composites, etc.). Focusing on the last advancements in this field, this review analyses the challenges involved in the synthetic strategies of GR-semiconductor photo(electro)catalysts in various applications including pollutant degradation, organic synthesis, hydrogen evolution and photoreduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂). Mechanism of interaction between GR and semiconductors are thoroughly discussed by examining the proposed mechanism in the diverse areas where the composite materials are employed in photo(electro)catalytic processes. In addition, various synthetic and characterization technique available hitherto are presented, since they are pivotal to the understanding of the composites properties (such as morphology, crystal phases and exposed facets, degree of crystallinity, dimensionality etc.), and even to shed more light on interaction mechanisms of the photocatalyst constituents. As a future outlook, it is envisaged that research will not only focus on optimizing GR electrical and chemical properties, yet in the synthesis of GR-semiconductor photocatalysts attention needs also be placed on the properties of the resulting composites, using suitable synthetic methods and proper characterizations to assess their performance.

石墨烯（GR）及其衍生物的显着理化特性可用于GR半导体光催化剂的光催化活性。迄今为止，关于GR在这些复合材料中的作用的知识尚不充分，尚待解答许多问题，因此必须充分了解GR与无机半导体之间的相互作用机理。仍然非常需要对与界面有关的特征进行详细的研究和优化，以有效地设计针对其最终商业化的光催化剂。该综述表明，这种复合材料的光催化活性不仅取决于高GR电子迁移率和电荷转移，还取决于界面的特性（例如界面形态，尺寸，晶相和刻面，复合材料的尺寸等）。_2个）。通过研究在光（电）催化过程中使用复合材料的不同领域中提出的机理，全面讨论了GR与半导体之间相互作用的机理。此外，由于它们对理解复合材料的特性（例如形态，晶体相和裸露的小面，结晶度，尺寸等）至关重要，因此介绍了迄今为止可用的各种合成和表征技术。关于光催化剂成分的相互作用机理。展望未来，可以预见的是，研究不仅将集中在优化GR的电气和化学性能上，而且在GR半导体光催化剂的合成中，还需要关注所得复合材料的性能，