Materials exhibiting highly efficient, ultralong and multicolor-tunable room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are of practical importance for emerging applications. However, these are still very scarce and remain a formidable challenge. Herein, using precise structure design, several novel organic–inorganic metal-halide hybrids with efficient and ultralong RTP have been developed based on an identical organic cation (A). The original organic salt (ACl) exhibits red RTP properties with low phosphorescence efficiency. However, after embedding metals into the organic salt, the changed crystal structure endows the resultant metal–halide hybrids with excellent RTP properties. In particular, A₂ZnCl₄·H₂O exhibits the highest RTP efficiency of up to 56.56% with a long lifetime of up to 159 ms. It is found that multiple inter/intramolecular interactions and the strong heavy-atom effect of the rigid metal–halide hybrids can suppress molecular motion and promote the ISC process, resulting in highly stable and localized triplet excitons followed by highly efficient RTP. More crucially, multicolor-tunable fluorescence and RTP achieved by tuning the metal and halogen endow these materials with wide application prospects in the fields of multilevel information encryption and dynamic optical data storage. The findings promote the development of phosphorescent metal-halide hybrids for potential high-tech applications.

中文翻译：

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通过分子间/分子内的协同相互作用，有机-无机金属卤化物产生高效颜色可调的超长室温磷光


表现出高效、超长和多色可调室温磷光（RTP）的材料对于新兴应用具有重要的实际意义。然而，这些仍然非常稀缺，并且仍然是一个艰巨的挑战。在此，通过精确的结构设计，基于相同的有机阳离子（A），开发了几种具有高效和超长RTP的新型有机-无机金属卤化物杂化物。原始有机盐 (ACl) 表现出红色 RTP 特性，但磷光效率较低。然而，将金属嵌入有机盐后，晶体结构的改变赋予了所得的金属卤化物杂化物优异的RTP性能。特别是，A ₂ ZnCl ₄ ·H ₂ O 表现出最高的 RTP 效率，高达 56.56%，寿命长达 159 ms。研究发现，刚性金属卤化物杂化物的多重分子间/内相互作用和强重原子效应可以抑制分子运动并促进ISC过程，产生高度稳定和局域的三重态激子，从而产生高效的RTP。更关键的是，通过调节金属和卤素实现的多色可调荧光和RTP赋予这些材料在多级信息加密和动态光学数据存储领域广泛的应用前景。这些发现促进了磷光金属卤化物混合物的开发，以实现潜在的高科技应用。