Uncontrolled dendrite growth and slow Li⁺ transport kinetics at the anode/electrolyte interface severely hamper the practical applications of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, a high–charge density cationic polymer, poly(octaallyltetraazacyclo–decane nitrate) (POTA–NO₃), was developed as an anodic protective layer to moderate Li⁺ deposition and enhance Li⁺ transport efficiency. According to Li⁺ deposition characteristics and simulation, POTA–NO₃ with multiple positive charge sites provided excellent electrostatic shielding and enhanced Li⁺ desolvation process to the anodes. Meanwhile, anions generated a robust and high Li⁺ flux inorganic SEI to inhibit the polymer cationic layer and electrolyte decomposition. With the POTA–NO₃ protective layer, Li||Li symmetric batteries achieved a stable cycling of 6300 h at a high current density of 5 mA cm⁻² with a capacity of 5 mA h cm⁻². Furthermore, the POTA–NO₃-protected Li||LiCoO₂ batteries exhibited a capacity retention of over 80% after 1400 long-term cycles at 1C. This work opens up the possibility for the development of stable lithium anodes.

中文翻译：

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通过静电屏蔽和高Li+通量无机界面相的协同作用实现稳定的锂金属负极


阳极/电解质界面上不受控制的枝晶生长和缓慢的Li ⁺ 传输动力学严重阻碍了锂金属电池（LMB）的实际应用。在此，开发了一种高电荷密度阳离子聚合物聚（八烯丙基四氮杂环癸烷硝酸酯）（POTA-NO ₃ ）作为阳极保护层，以减缓Li ⁺ 沉积并增强力 ⁺ 运输效率。根据Li ⁺ 沉积特性和模拟，具有多个正电荷位点的POTA-NO ₃ 为阳极提供了优异的静电屏蔽和增强的Li ⁺ 去溶剂化过程。同时，阴离子生成坚固且高Li ⁺ 通量的无机SEI，抑制聚合物阳离子层和电解质分解。借助POTA-NO ₃ 保护层，Li||Li对称电池在5 mA cm ⁻² 的高电流密度下实现了6300 h的稳定循环，容量为5 mA h 厘米 ⁻² 。此外，POTA-NO ₃ 保护的 Li||LiCoO ₂ 电池在 1C 下长期循环 1400 次后容量保持率超过 80%。这项工作为开发稳定的锂阳极开辟了可能性。