Cadmium contamination can lead to a decrease in crop yield and quality. However, Cd-tolerant rice can improve rice resistance genes, improve crop tolerance to heavy metals, and protect plants from oxidative damage. In this study, Japonica rice: Chunyou 987 and Indica rice: Chuanzhong you 3607 were used to reveal the molecular response mechanism of Cd-tolerant rice under cadmium concentration of 3 mg/kg through comparative experiments combined with physiology and proteomics. The results showed that compared with indica rice, japonica rice showed more robust resistance to Cd stress and effectively retained many Cd ions in roots. Moreover, it enhanced its enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidative stress mechanism, which increased the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 47.37%, 21.75%, and 55.42%, respectively. The contents of non-enzymatic antioxidant substances ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), proline (PRO), anthocyanins (OPC), and flavonoids were increased by 25.32%, 42.67%, 21.43%, 50.81%, 33.23%, and 72.16%, respectively. Through proteomics analysis, it was found that in response to the damage caused by cadmium stress, Japonica rice makes Photosynthesis functional proteins (psbO and PetH), Photosynthesis antenna proteins (LHCA and ASCAB9), Carbon fixation functional proteins (PEPC and OsAld), Porphyrin metabolism functional proteins (OsRCCR1 and SE5), Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate The expression of metabolism functional proteins (CATC and GLO4.) and Glutathione metabolism functional proteins (APX8 and OsGSTU13) were significantly up-regulated, which stimulated the antioxidant stress mechanism and photosynthetic system, and constructed a robust energy supply system to ensure the normal metabolic activities of life. Strengthening the mechanisms of plant homeostasis. In summary, this study revealed the molecular mechanism of tolerance to Cd stress in japonica rice, and the results of this study will provide a possible way to improve Cd-resistant rice seedlings.

中文翻译：

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综合生理学和蛋白质组学分析揭示了水稻（Oryza sativa L）对镉胁迫的抵抗机制


镉污染会导致农作物产量和质量下降。然而，耐镉水稻可以改善水稻抗性基因，提高作物对重金属的耐受性，保护植物免受氧化损伤。本研究以粳稻：春优987和籼稻：川中优3607为材料，通过对比实验，结合生理学和蛋白质组学，揭示镉浓度3mg/kg下耐镉水稻的分子响应机制。结果表明，与籼稻相比，粳稻对Cd胁迫表现出更强的抵抗力，并有效地将大量Cd离子保留在根部。此外，它还增强了其酶促和非酶促的抗氧化应激机制，使过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性分别提高了47.37%、21.75%和55.42%。非酶抗氧化物质抗坏血酸（AsA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、半胱氨酸（Cys）、脯氨酸（PRO）、花青素（OPC）、黄酮类化合物含量分别增加25.32%、42.67%、21.43%、50.81% 、33.23%、72.16%。通过蛋白质组学分析发现，为应对镉胁迫造成的损害，粳稻产生光合作用功能蛋白（psbO和PetH）、光合作用天线蛋白（LHCA和ASCAB9）、固碳功能蛋白（PEPC和OsAld）、卟啉代谢功能蛋白（OsRCCR1 和 SE5）、乙醛酸和二羧酸 代谢功能蛋白（CATC 和 GLO4.）和谷胱甘肽代谢功能蛋白（APX8和OsGSTU13）显着上调，刺激抗氧化应激机制和光合系统，构建强大的能量供应系统，保证生命的正常代谢活动。加强植物体内平衡机制。综上所述，本研究揭示了粳稻耐镉胁迫的分子机制，该研究结果将为提高水稻幼苗抗镉能力提供可能的途径。