Wearable sensors for sweat glucose monitoring are gaining massive interest as a patient-friendly and non-invasive way to manage diabetes. The present work offers an alternative on-body method employing an all-printed flexible electrochemical sensor to quantify the amount of glucose in human sweat. The working electrode of the glucose sensor was printed using a custom-formulated ink containing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOPT: PSS), and iron (II, III) oxide (FeO) nanoparticles. This novel ink composition has good conductivity, enhanced catalytic activity, and excellent selectivity. The working electrode was modified using Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles and glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx). The sensor displayed a linear chronoamperometric response to glucose from 1 μM to 400 μM, with a precise detection limit of ∼0.38 μM and an impressive sensitivity of ∼4.495 μAμMcm. The sensor stored at 4 °C exhibited excellent stability over 60 days, high selectivity, and greater reproducibility. The glucose detection the standard addition method in human sweat samples acquired a high recovery rate of 96.0–98.6%. Examining human sweat during physical activity also attested to the biosensor's real-time viability. The results also show an impressive correlation between glucose levels obtained from a commercial blood glucose meter and sweat glucose concentrations. Remarkably, the present results outperform previously published printed glucose sensors in terms of detection range, low cost, ease of manufacturing, stability, selectivity, and wearability.

中文翻译：

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基于MWCNT-氧化铁纳米复合油墨的全印刷可穿戴生物传感器用于人体汗液中葡萄糖的生理水平检测


用于汗液葡萄糖监测的可穿戴传感器作为一种对患者友好且非侵入性的糖尿病管理方式正引起人们的广泛关注。目前的工作提供了一种替代的体内方法，采用全印刷柔性电化学传感器来量化人体汗液中的葡萄糖含量。葡萄糖传感器的工作电极使用包含多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）、聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOPT：PSS）和氧化铁（II，III）的定制配方墨水印刷。 Fe3O) 纳米颗粒。这种新型墨水组合物具有良好的导电性、增强的催化活性和优异的选择性。使用普鲁士蓝 (PB) 纳米粒子和葡萄糖氧化酶 (GOx) 修饰工作电极。该传感器对 1 μM 至 400 μM 范围内的葡萄糖表现出线性计时电流响应，精确检测限为 ∼0.38 μM，灵敏度高达 ∼4.495 μAμMcm。储存在 4°C 下的传感器在 60 天内表现出优异的稳定性、高选择性和更高的重现性。采用标准添加法检测人体汗液样品中的葡萄糖，回收率高达96.0%~98.6%。在身体活动期间检查人体汗水也证明了生物传感器的实时可行性。结果还显示，从商用血糖仪获得的血糖水平与汗液葡萄糖浓度之间存在令人印象深刻的相关性。值得注意的是，目前的结果在检测范围、低成本、易于制造、稳定性、选择性和耐磨性方面优于之前发表的印刷葡萄糖传感器。