Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and microplastics are emerging contaminants of widespread concern. However, little is known about the effects of combined exposure to TBBPA and microplastics on the physicochemical properties and microbial metabolism of anaerobic granular sludge. This study investigated the effects of TBBPA, polystyrene microplastics (PS MP) and polybutylene succinate microplastics (PBS MP) on the physicochemical properties, microbial communities and microbial metabolic levels of anaerobic granular sludge. The results showed that chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of sludge was lowest in the presence of TBBPA alone and PS MP alone with 33.21% and 30.06%, respectively. The microorganisms promoted the secretion of humic substances under the influence of TBBPA, PS MP and PBS MP. The lowest proportion of genes controlling glycolytic metabolism in sludge was 1.52% when both TBBPA and PS MP were added. Microbial reactive oxygen species were increased in anaerobic granular sludge exposed to MP. In addition, TBBPA treatment decreased electron transfer of the anaerobic granular sludge and disrupted the pathway of anaerobic microorganisms in acquiring adenosine triphosphate, and MPs attenuated the negative effects of TBBPA on the acetate methanogenesis process of the anaerobic granular sludge. This study provides a reference for evaluating the impact of multiple pollutants on anaerobic granular sludge.

中文翻译：

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评估四溴双酚 A 和微塑料对厌氧颗粒污泥的影响：物理化学特性、微生物代谢和潜在机制


四溴双酚 A (TBBPA) 和微塑料是受到广泛关注的新兴污染物。然而，人们对四溴双酚A和微塑料的联合暴露对厌氧颗粒污泥的理化性质和微生物代谢的影响知之甚少。本研究探讨了TBBPA、聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS MP）和聚丁二酸丁二醇酯微塑料（PBS MP）对厌氧颗粒污泥理化性质、微生物群落和微生物代谢水平的影响。结果表明，单独使用TBBPA和单独使用PS MP时，污泥的化学需氧量（COD）去除率最低，分别为33.21%和30.06%。微生物在TBBPA、PS MP和PBS MP的影响下促进了腐殖质的分泌。同时添加TBBPA和PS MP时，污泥中控制糖酵解代谢的基因比例最低为1.52%。暴露于 MP 的厌氧颗粒污泥中微生物活性氧含量增加。此外，TBBPA处理减少了厌氧颗粒污泥的电子传递，扰乱了厌氧微生物获取三磷酸腺苷的途径，MPs减弱了TBBPA对厌氧颗粒污泥醋酸产甲烷过程的负面影响。本研究为评价多种污染物对厌氧颗粒污泥的影响提供参考。