Food waste production reaches actually about 1.3 billion tonnes per year, corresponding to the emission of 3.3 billion tonnes equivalent of CO₂, thus calling for improved recycling. Here we review food waste conversion into energy and products such as biohydrogen, biogas, biofuel, biodiesel, biochar, bioplastics, fertilizers, animal feed, organic acids, enzymes, and proteins. Food waste can be treated by incineration, pyrolysis, composting, anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal carbonization, and landfilling. Properties of food waste influence the efficiency of conversion.

中文翻译：

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将食物垃圾转化为能源和增值产品：综述

实际上每年的食物垃圾产生量约为13亿吨，相当于排放33亿吨当量的CO ₂，​​因此需要改善回收利用。在这里，我们回顾了食物垃圾转化为能源和产品的过程，例如生物氢、沼气、生物燃料、生物柴油、生物炭、生物塑料、肥料、动物饲料、有机酸、酶和蛋白质。食物垃圾可通过焚烧、热解、堆肥、厌氧消化、水热碳化和填埋等方式处理。食物垃圾的特性影响转化效率。