The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of polycrystalline perovskite (PVK) solar cells (SCs) (PC-PeSCs) have rapidly increased. However, PC-PeSCs are intrinsically unstable without encapsulation, and their efficiency drops during large-scale production; these problems hinder the commercial viability of PeSCs. Stability can be increased by using colloidal PVK nanocrystals (c-PeNCs), which have high surface strains, low defect density, and exceptional crystal quality. The use of c-PeNCs separates the crystallization process from the film formation process, which is preponderant in large-scale fabrication. Consequently, the use of c-PeNCs has substantial potential to overcome challenges encountered when fabricating PC-PeSCs. Research on colloidal nanocrystal-based PVK SCs (NC-PeSCs) has increased their PCEs to a level greater than those of other quantum-dot SCs, but has not reached the PCEs of PC-PeSCs; this inferiority significantly impedes widespread application of NC-PeSCs. This review first introduces the distinctive properties of c-PeNCs, then the strategies that have been used to achieve high-efficiency NC-PeSCs. Then it discusses in detail the persisting challenges in this domain. Specifically, the major challenges and solutions for NC-PeSCs related to low short-circuit current density J_sc are covered. Last, the article presents a perspective on future research directions and potential applications in the realm of NC-PeSCs.

中文翻译：

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钙钛矿胶体纳米晶体太阳能电池：当前进展、挑战和未来前景

多晶钙钛矿（PVK）太阳能电池（SC）（PC-PeSC）的功率转换效率（PCE）迅速提高。然而，如果没有封装，PC-PeSC本质上不稳定，并且在大规模生产过程中其效率会下降；这些问题阻碍了 PeSC 的商业可行性。使用胶体 PVK 纳米晶体 (c-PeNC) 可以提高稳定性，该晶体具有高表面应变、低缺陷密度和卓越的晶体质量。 c-PeNC 的使用将结晶过程与成膜过程分开，这在大规模制造中占主导地位。因此，使用 c-PeNC 具有克服制造 PC-PeSC 时遇到的挑战的巨大潜力。基于胶体纳米晶的PVK SC（NC-PeSC）的研究已将其PCE提高到高于其他量子点SC的水平，但尚未达到PC-PeSC的PCE；这种劣势严重阻碍了 NC-PeSC 的广泛应用。本综述首先介绍了 c-PeNC 的独特特性，然后介绍了用于实现高效 NC-PeSC 的策略。然后详细讨论了该领域持续存在的挑战。具体来说，NC-PeSC 与低短路电流密度相关的主要挑战和解决方案JSC被覆盖的。最后，本文对 NC-PeSC 领域的未来研究方向和潜在应用提出了展望。本文受版权保护。版权所有