Spontaneous previable rupture of membranes complicates approximately 0.4–0.7% of pregnancies and is associated with severe maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Intra-amniotic inflammation is present in up to 94.4% of cases, most often caused by a bacterial infection. In comparison, the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in its eradication reaches less than 17%. Inflammatory activity in the amniotic cavity disrupts the physiological development of the fetus with an increase in maternal, fetal, and neonatal inflammatory morbidity through the development of fetal inflammatory response syndrome, maternal chorioamnionitis, and neonatal sepsis. Amniopatch is an invasive therapeutic technique based on intra-amniotic administration of maternal hemoderivates in the form of thromboconcentrate and plasma cryoprecipitate to provide the temporary closure of the fetal membranes defect and secondary restitution of normohydramnios with correction of pressure–volume ratios. The supposed basis of this physical–mechanical action is the aggregation of coagulant components of amniopatch in the area of the defect with the formation of a valve cap. The background for the formulation of the hypothesis on the potential anti-infectious and anti-inflammatory action of non-coagulant components of amniopatch involved: i) clinical–academic and publishing outputs of the authors based on their many years’ experience with amniopatch application in the treatment of spontaneous previable rupture of membranes (2008–2019), ii) the documented absence of clinically manifested chorioamnionitis in patients treated this way with a simultaneously reduced incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome compared to expectant management (tocolysis, corticotherapy, antibiotic therapy). The non-coagulant components of plasma cryoprecipitate include mainly naturally occurring isohemagglutinins, albumin, and soluble plasma fibrinogen. Although these components of the amniopatch have not been attributed a significant therapeutic role, the authors assume that due to their opsonizing and aggregative properties, they can significantly participate in optimizing the intrauterine environment through the reduction in bacterial and cytokine charge in the amniotic fluid. The authors think these facts constitute a vital stimulus to future research–academic activity and, at the same time, an idea for reconsidering the therapeutic role of amniopatch as a tool for improving perinatal results of spontaneous previable ruptures of membranes.

自发性胎膜破裂使大约 0.4-0.7% 的妊娠变得复杂，并与严重的孕产妇和新生儿发病率和死亡率相关。高达 94.4% 的病例存在羊膜内炎症，最常见的是由细菌感染引起。相比之下，抗生素治疗的根除有效率不到17%。羊膜腔的炎症活动会扰乱胎儿的生理发育，通过发展胎儿炎症反应综合征、母体绒毛膜羊膜炎和新生儿败血症，增加母体、胎儿和新生儿炎症发病率。 Amniopatch 是一种侵入性治疗技术，基于在羊膜内给予母体血液衍生物（以血栓浓缩物和血浆冷沉淀物的形式），以暂时闭合胎膜缺损并通过校正压力-容积比二次恢复正常羊水量。这种物理机械作用的假设基础是羊膜片的凝固剂成分在缺陷区域聚集并形成瓣膜帽。提出关于羊膜贴片非凝血成分潜在抗感染和抗炎作用的假设的背景涉及：i) 作者基于多年羊膜贴片应用经验的临床学术和出版成果自发性胎膜早破的治疗（2008-2019），ii）据记录，与期待治疗（安胎、皮质疗法、抗生素治疗）相比，接受这种治疗的患者没有临床表现的绒毛膜羊膜炎，同时新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生率降低。血浆冷沉淀的非凝血成分主要包括天然存在的同血凝素、白蛋白和可溶性血浆纤维蛋白原。尽管羊膜贴片的这些成分尚未被认为具有显着的治疗作用，但作者认为，由于它们的调理作用和聚集特性，它们可以通过减少羊水中的细菌和细胞因子电荷来显着参与优化子宫内环境。作者认为这些事实对未来的研究学术活动构成了重要的刺激，同时，也为重新考虑羊膜贴作为改善自发性胎膜破裂的围产期结果的治疗作用提供了一个想法。