The soil pollution caused by cadmium (Cd) poses a significant threat to the environment. Therefore, identifying plants that can effectively remediate Cd-contaminated soils is urgently needed. In this study, physiological, cytological, and transcriptome analyses were performed to comprehensively understand the changes in under Cd stress. Physiological and cytological analyses indicated that maintained normal growth with intact cell structure under Cd stress levels up to 10 mg/kg. Cytological analysis showed that Cd precipitation in leaf cells occurred in the cytoplasm and intercellular spaces. As the levels of Cd stress increased, proline accumulation in leaves increased, whereas soluble protein and soluble sugar initially increased, followed by a subsequent decline. The translocation factor was above 1 under 0.6 mg/kg Cd stress but decreased when it exceeded this concentration. Transcriptome analyses revealed several crucial Cd-influenced pathways, including amino acid, terpenoid, flavonoid, and sugar metabolisms. This study not only proved that could enrich Cd in soil but also revealed the response of to Cd and its resistance mechanisms, which provided insight into the cleaner production of and the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.

中文翻译：

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艾草对土壤镉的适应和积累的生理和转录组分析


镉（Cd）引起的土壤污染对环境构成重大威胁。因此，迫切需要寻找能够有效修复镉污染土壤的植物。本研究通过生理学、细胞学和转录组分析来全面了解镉胁迫下的变化。生理和细胞学分析表明，在镉胁迫水平高达10mg/kg的情况下，细胞仍能保持正常生长，细胞结构完整。细胞学分析表明，叶细胞中Cd沉淀发生在细胞质和细胞间隙。随着镉胁迫水平的增加，叶片中脯氨酸积累增加，而可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖先增加后减少。在0.6mg/kg Cd胁迫下，易位因子大于1，但当超过此浓度时，易位因子降低。转录组分析揭示了几个关键的镉影响途径，包括氨基酸、萜类化合物、黄酮类化合物和糖代谢。该研究不仅证明了其可以富集土壤中的Cd，而且揭示了Cd的响应及其抵抗机制，为Cd污染土壤的清洁生产和修复提供了深入的见解。