The world is currently facing numerous environmental challenges, including global warming, environmental acidification, climate change, desertification, energy crisis, and pollution. Sustainable development has emerged as a key solution to combat these pressing issues, encompassing a wide range of multidisciplinary prospects. This review focuses on the vital role of sensors in achieving sustainability, supporting One Health, and fulfilling Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the pursuit of sustainable development, technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, 5G communication, and cloud computing have been leveraged for monitoring and remediation applications. However, sensors serve as the fundamental backbone of these intelligent, sustainable technological advancements. Classified as physical, chemical, and biological sensors, they encompass nearly all application fields. By integrating AI capabilities, sensors become empowered to respond to stimuli based on pre-trained machine algorithms. This review delves into the potential of sensors across various sectors for diversified applications. The review outlines the large-scale integration of smart and intelligent sensing devices in various sectors by minimizing human resource requirements and improving resource efficiency and sustainability for the betterment of society. Moreover, it highlights the challenges and alternate solutions to achieve sustainability in sensors supporting SDGs with the integration of green nanotechnology and waste-to-wealth modules.

中文翻译：

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传感器、社会和可持续发展

当前，世界面临全球变暖、环境酸化、气候变化、荒漠化、能源危机、污染等诸多环境挑战。可持续发展已成为解决这些紧迫问题的关键解决方案，涵盖了广泛的多学科前景。本综述重点关注传感器在实现可持续发展、支持“同一个健康”和实现可持续发展目标 (SDG) 方面的重要作用。为了追求可持续发展，物联网（IoT）、人工智能（AI）、机器学习、5G通信和云计算等技术已被用于监测和修复应用。然而，传感器是这些智能、可持续技术进步的基本支柱。它们分为物理、化学和生物传感器，几乎涵盖了所有应用领域。通过集成人工智能功能，传感器能够根据预先训练的机器算法对刺激做出响应。本综述深入探讨了传感器在各个领域的多样化应用的潜力。该审查概述了智能和智能传感设备在各个领域的大规模集成，通过最大限度地减少人力资源需求并提高资源效率和可持续性，以造福社会。此外，它还强调了通过集成绿色纳米技术和变废为宝模块来实现传感器可持续发展的挑战和替代解决方案，以支持可持续发展目标。