Perovskite materials with unique crystal structure have developed rapidly in recent years owing to their special physical and chemical properties, such as high light absorption and extraordinary electrocatalytic properties. Metal halide perovskites are quite attractive in various fields because of their simple manufacturing process, adjustable band gap, good charge transfer performance, and high theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, perovskite oxides mixed with metal elements become ideal samples for studying the surface and catalytic performance of catalysts. In this review, various metal perovskites are clearly classified and introduced according to the corresponding synthesis methods, including hydrothermal method, sol–gel method, and high‐temperature solid phase, as well as coprecipitation. The excellent properties of perovskite make it extensively used in nanotechnology, chemistry, environmental protection, and material science, especially in solar cells and sensors. In particular, the nanosized perovskite materials are becoming more and more popular in sensors, which was reviewed in detail here. Most importantly, the design of electrochemical sensors using perovskite nanomaterials with low detection limit and high sensitivity will bring new insight into the detection of biomolecules. Both challenges and prospects of metal perovskites were discussed for promoting the development of biosensors in the end.

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钙钛矿材料推进有效传感器的探索

具有独特晶体结构的钙钛矿材料由于其特殊的物理和化学性质，如高光吸收和非凡的电催化性能，近年来得到了迅速发展。金属卤化物钙钛矿因其制造工艺简单、带隙可调、良好的电荷传输性能和较高的理论光电转换效率而在各个领域颇具吸引力。因此，与金属元素混合的钙钛矿氧化物成为研究催化剂表面和催化性能的理想样品。本文根据相应的合成方法，包括水热法、溶胶-凝胶法、高温固相法以及共沉淀法，对各种金属钙钛矿进行了明确的分类和介绍。钙钛矿的优异性能使其广泛应用于纳米技术、化学、环境保护和材料科学，特别是在太阳能电池和传感器方面。特别是，纳米钙钛矿材料在传感器中变得越来越流行，对此进行了详细回顾。最重要的是，利用钙钛矿纳米材料设计具有低检测限和高灵敏度的电化学传感器将为生物分子的检测带来新的见解。最后讨论了金属钙钛矿的挑战和前景，以促进生物传感器的发展。