Ultrasound has been widely used in industry due to its high energy and efficiency. This study optimized the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) process of frosted figs pectin (FFP) using response surface methodology (RSM), and further investigated the effect of ultrasonic power on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of FFPs. The UAE method of FFP through RSM was optimized, and the optimal extraction process conditions, particle size of 100 mesh, pH value of 1.95, liquid–solid ratio of 47:1 (mL/g), extraction temperature of 50 °C and extraction time of 65 min, were obtained. The extraction rate of FFP under this condition was 37.97 ± 2.56 %. Then, the four FFPs modified by ultrasound were obtained by changing the ultrasonic power. Research had found that ultrasonic power had little effect on the monosaccharide composition, Zeta potential, as well as the thermal stability and appearance structure of the four FFPs. However, ultrasonic power had a significant impact on other properties of FFP: as the ultrasonic power increased, the DM% and particle size decreased continuously, while the total carbohydrate content increased. Meanwhile, ultrasonic power also had a significant impact on antioxidant activities of FFPs. From the research results, it could be seen that different ultrasonic power had certain changes in its spatial structure and properties, and the structural changes also affected the biological activity of FFP. The study of the effects of ultrasonic power on the physicochemical properties and biological activity of FFP lays the foundation for the development and application of FFP in food additives and natural drug carriers.

中文翻译：

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超声波功率对磨砂无花果果胶理化性质及抗氧化活性的影响


超声波因其能量高、效率高而在工业中得到广泛应用。本研究利用响应面法（RSM）优化了磨砂无花果果胶（FFP）的超声波辅助提取（UAE）工艺，并进一步研究了超声波功率对FFP结构特征和抗氧化活性的影响。对RSM法提取FFP的UAE方法进行优化，确定最佳提取工艺条件为粒径100目、pH值1.95、液固比47:1（mL/g）、提取温度50℃、提取量获得的时间为 65 分钟。此条件下FFP的提取率为37.97±2.56%。然后通过改变超声功率得到了四种超声修饰的FFP。研究发现，超声波功率对四种FFP的单糖组成、Zeta电位、热稳定性和外观结构影响不大。然而，超声波功率对FFP的其他性能有显着影响：随着超声波功率的增加，DM%和粒径不断下降，而总碳水化合物含量增加。同时，超声波功率对FFPs的抗氧化活性也有显着影响。从研究结果可以看出，不同的超声波功率使其空间结构和性质发生了一定的变化，而结构的变化也影响了FFP的生物活性。研究超声功率对FFP理化性质和生物活性的影响，为FFP在食品添加剂和天然药物载体方面的开发应用奠定基础。