Taking the perspective of cellulose molecular chain assembly via the “bottom-top” route, we delve into the influence of both the cellulose solution and the coagulation bath on the assembly process and structure of regenerated cellulose beads (RCBs). The results show that cellulose molecular weight, mass fraction, and the presence of surfactant have an impact on RCBs. Contrary to traditional views where the structures of material are determined by solvent-nonsolvent exchange rate, ion-cellulose binding capacity also affects RCBs. Overall, the influence of ions follows the Hofmeister sequence. Kosmotropes promote the assembly of cellulose chains and elementary fibers, leading to “salting out” effects, reduced pore size of RCBs, increased crystallinity, and enhanced mechanical properties. In contrast, chaotropes induce “salting in” effects, resulting in opposite outcomes. The average pore size of RCBs coagulated in NaSCN solution was approximately 15-folds larger than those prepared in sodium citrate solution. Anions have a greater impact than cations, and both “salting out” and “salting in” effects strengthen with concentration. Temperature variations primarily affect solvent and nonsolvent exchange speed during cellulose regeneration. These findings provide new insights into regulating RCBs, enabling tailored performance for different applications.

中文翻译：

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深入了解碱/尿素水溶液中制备的再生纤维素珠的组装过程和性能


我们从“自下而上”路线组装纤维素分子链的角度出发，深入研究了纤维素溶液和凝固浴对再生纤维素珠（RCB）组装过程和结构的影响。结果表明，纤维素分子量、质量分数和表面活性剂的存在对RCBs有影响。与材料结构由溶剂-非溶剂交换率决定的传统观点相反，离子-纤维素结合能力也会影响 RCB。总体而言，离子的影响遵循霍夫迈斯特序列。亲液剂促进纤维素链和基本纤维的组装，从而产生“盐析”效应、减小 RCB 的孔径、增加结晶度并增强机械性能。相反，离液剂会引起“盐析”效应，从而导致相反的结果。在NaSCN溶液中凝固的RCB的平均孔径比在柠檬酸钠溶液中制备的RCB大约15倍。阴离子比阳离子的影响更大，“盐析”和“盐入”效应都随着浓度的增加而增强。温度变化主要影响纤维素再生过程中溶剂和非溶剂的交换速度。这些发现为调节 RCB 提供了新的见解，从而能够为不同的应用提供定制的性能。