Aim:This study aimed to investigate awareness of having hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia and their associated factors among US adults.Methods:Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including 21,399 adults aged ⩾20 years (pregnant women excluded) collected between 2011 and 2018, were used. Blood pressure was measured using a Baumanometer calibrated mercury true gravity wall model sphygmomanometer. Serum total cholesterol levels were measured using enzymatic assays. The percentage of haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), which reflects long-term blood glucose levels, was measured and used to identify diabetes. Participants self-reported whether they were told by a doctor that they have hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes. Awareness was defined as alignment between objective and self-reported measures for having the conditions. Sampling weights and the Taylor series linearisation variance estimation method were used in the analyses.Results:The findings showed that 64.06% of people with hypertension, 54.71% of those with dyslipidaemia and 78.40% of those with diabetes were aware of having the respective condition. Age, sex and health insurance were associated with awareness of having all three conditions, but marital status was not associated with any outcome. Weight status was associated with awareness of having hypertension and dyslipidaemia, whereas ethnicity was associated with awareness of having hypertension and diabetes. Relative family income was only associated with awareness of having hypertension.Conclusions:Large proportions of US adults with hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes are not aware of having the conditions. Interventions targeting groups at higher risk of being unaware of these conditions are needed.

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美国成年人对高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的认知度：2011-2018 年 NHANES 数据

目的：本研究旨在调查美国成年人对高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的认知及其相关因素。方法：数据来自全国健康和营养检查调查，包括 2011 年期间收集的 21,399 名 20 岁以上成年人（不包括孕妇）和 2018 年，均已使用。使用鲍曼压力计校准的水银真重力壁模型血压计测量血压。使用酶测定法测量血清总胆固醇水平。测量反映长期血糖水平的糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 百分比并用于识别糖尿病。参与者自我报告是否被医生告知他们患有高血压、血脂异常和糖尿病。意识被定义​​为客观衡量指标与自我报告衡量指标之间的一致性。分析中采用抽样权重和泰勒级数线性化方差估计法。结果：调查结果显示，64.06%的高血压患者、54.71%的血脂异常患者和78.40%的糖尿病患者知晓自己患有各自的病症。年龄、性别和健康保险与对这三种情况的认识有关，但婚姻状况与任何结果无关。体重状况与高血压和血脂异常的认知度相关，而种族则与高血压和糖尿病的认知度相关。家庭相对收入仅与对患有高血压的认识相关。结论：很大一部分患有高血压、血脂异常和糖尿病的美国成年人并不知道自己患有这些疾病。需要针对不了解这些情况的较高风险群体采取干预措施。