Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication with limited effective interventions in diabetic patients. is a traditional herbal tonic used to treat various kidney and metabolic diseases. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of the main bioactive components, sesquiterpene lactones in (SLR), on DN. The results showed that treatment with SLR reduced the levels of apoptotic rates, ROS, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, but increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in high glucose-treated HK2 cells. Furthermore, SLR improved renal dysfunction but increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the renal tissues of DN mice. Mechanistically, SLR upregulated the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 but downregulated NF-κB in high glucose-treated HK2 cells by targeting PPAR, which could be reversed by the PPARγ inhibitor SR202. Therefore, SLR improved DN by reducing oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory response through activating PPARγ/Nrf2 pathway.

中文翻译：

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乌药中富含倍半萜内酯的提取物通过介导 PPARγ/Nrf2 通路改善高糖诱导的肾小管上皮损伤


糖尿病肾病（DN）是一种常见的微血管并发症，对糖尿病患者的有效干预措施有限。是一种传统的草药补品，用于治疗各种肾脏和代谢疾病。在本研究中，我们评估了主要生物活性成分倍半萜内酯（SLR）对 DN 的功效和机制。结果表明，SLR处理降低了高糖处理的HK2细胞中的凋亡率、ROS、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平，但增加了SOD和GSH-Px的活性。此外，SLR 改善了 DN 小鼠的肾功能障碍，但增加了肾组织中 SOD 和 GSH-Px 的活性。从机制上讲，SLR 通过靶向 PPAR 上调高糖处理的 HK2 细胞中 Nrf2 和 HO-1 的表达，但下调 NF-κB，而 PPARγ 抑制剂 SR202 可以逆转这一作用。因此，SLR通过激活PPARγ/Nrf2通路减少氧化应激、细胞凋亡和炎症反应来改善DN。