Necrosis is common in skin flap surgeries. Photobiomodulation, a noninvasive and effective technique, holds the potential to enhance microcirculation and neovascularization. As such, it has emerged as a viable approach for mitigating the occurrence of skin flap necrosis. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the scientific literature considering the use of photobiomodulation to increase skin-flap viability. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), was used to conducted systematic literature search in the databases PubMed, SCOPUS, Elsevier and, Scielo on June 2023. Included studies investigated skin-flap necrosis employing PBMT irradiation as a treatment and, at least one quantitative measure of skin-flap necrosis in any animal model. Twenty-five studies were selected from 54 original articles that addressed PBMT with low-level laser (LLL) or light-emitting diode (LED) in agreement with the qualifying requirements. Laser parameters varied markedly across studies. In the selected studies, the low-level laser in the visible red spectrum was the most frequently utilized PBMT, although the LED PBMT showed a similar improvement in skin-flap necrosis. Ninety percent of the studies assessing the outcomes of the effects of PBMT reported smaller areas of necrosis in skin flap. Studies have consistently demonstrated the ability of PBMT to improve skin flap viability in animal models. Evidence suggests that PBMT, through enhancing angiogenesis, vascular density, mast cells, and VEGF, is an effective therapy for decrease necrotic tissue in skin flap surgery.

坏死在皮瓣手术中很常见。光生物调节是一种无创且有效的技术，具有增强微循环和新血管形成的潜力。因此，它已成为减轻皮瓣坏死发生的可行方法。本系统综述的目的是检查考虑使用光生物调节来增加皮瓣活力的科学文献。系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目 (PRISMA) 于 2023 年 6 月在 PubMed、SCOPUS、Elsevier 和 Scielo 数据库中进行系统文献检索。纳入的研究调查了采用 PBMT 照射作为治疗方法的皮瓣坏死以及任何动物模型中至少一种皮瓣坏死的定量测量。从 54 篇原始文章中选出了 25 项研究，这些文章涉及使用低水平激光 (LLL) 或发光二极管 (LED) 的 PBMT，符合资格要求。不同研究中的激光参数存在显着差异。在选定的研究中，可见红色光谱中的低强度激光是最常用的 PBMT，尽管 LED PBMT 在皮瓣坏死方面显示出类似的改善作用。 90% 评估 PBMT 效果的研究报告称皮瓣坏死面积较小。研究一致证明 PBMT 能够改善动物模型中皮瓣的活力。有证据表明，PBMT通过增强血管生成、血管密度、肥大细胞和VEGF，是减少皮瓣手术中坏死组织的有效疗法。