Carbonaceous materials are regarded as one of the most promising anodes for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), but their rate capabilities have been largely limited by the slow solid-state potassium diffusion kinetics inside anode and sluggish interfacial potassium ion transfer process. Herein, high-rate and high-capacity PIBs have been demonstrated by facile topological defect-regulation of the microstructure of carbon anodes. The carbon lattice of the as-obtained porous carbon nanosheets with abundant topological defects (TDPCNSs) holds high potassium adsorption energy yet low potassium migration barrier, thereby enabling efficient storage and diffusion of potassium inside graphitic layers. Moreover, the topological defects can induce preferential decomposition of anions, leading to the formation of high potassium ion conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film with decreased potassium ion de-solvation and transfer barrier. Additionally, the dominant sp²-hybridized carbon conjugated skeleton of TDPCNSs enables high electrical conductivity (39.4 S cm⁻¹) and relatively low potassium storage potential. As a result, the as-constructed TDPCNSs anode demonstrates high potassium storage capacity (504 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹), remarkable rate capability (118 mA h g⁻¹ at 40 A g⁻¹) as well as long-term cycling stability.

中文翻译：

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用于高倍率、高能量密度钾离子电池的具有快速界面和体动力学的拓扑缺陷调节多孔碳阳极

碳质材料被认为是钾离子电池（PIB）最有前途的阳极之一，但其倍率能力在很大程度上受到阳极内部缓慢的固态钾扩散动力学和缓慢的界面钾离子转移过程的限制。在此，通过碳阳极微观结构的简单拓扑缺陷调节，证明了高倍率和高容量的PIB。所获得的具有丰富拓扑缺陷的多孔碳纳米片（TDPCNS）的碳晶格具有高钾吸附能和低钾迁移势垒，从而能够在石墨层内有效存储和扩散钾。此外，拓扑缺陷可以诱导阴离子优先分解，导致形成高钾离子导电固体电解质中间相（SEI）膜，降低钾离子去溶剂化和转移势垒。此外，TDPCNS的主要sp ²杂化碳共轭骨架具有高电导率（39.4 S cm ^-1）和相对较低的钾储存电位。因此，所构建的TDPCNSs阳极表现出高钾储存容量（0.1 A g ^{-1时为504 mA hg -1}）、显着的倍率性能（40 A g ^{-1时为118 mA hg -1}）以及长寿命。长期循环稳定性。