This study investigated the effects of ginseng berry extract (GBE) and its major ginsenoside Re (GinRe) on skeletal muscle atrophy and exercise performance. GBE and GinRe upregulated the mRNA expression of sirtuin1 () and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α () in C2C12 myotubes. Administration of GBE and GinRe in high-fat diet-induced muscle atrophy mice enhanced endurance exercise performance and increased skeletal muscle weight with a significant downregulation of skeletal muscle atrophy genes and upregulation of oxidative myosin heavy chain subtypes, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation regulatory genes in skeletal muscle tissue. Oral administration of GBE and GinRe enhanced the protein expression of SIRT1, phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/PGC-1α/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPARδ) signaling axis in skeletal muscle tissue, acting as an exercise metabolism regulator. These results suggest that GBE and GinRe have the potential to enhance exercise performance through mitochondrial biogenesis.

中文翻译：

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人参浆果提取物和人参皂苷通过线粒体生物发生在高脂肪引起的骨骼肌萎缩中重新增强运动表现


本研究调查了人参浆果提取物 (GBE) 及其主要人参皂苷 Re (GinRe) 对骨骼肌萎缩和运动表现的影响。 GBE 和 GinRe 上调 C2C12 肌管中 Sirtuin1 () 和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ 共激活剂-1α () 的 mRNA 表达。对高脂饮食诱导的肌肉萎缩小鼠给予 GBE 和 GinRe 可增强耐力运动表现并增加骨骼肌重量，同时骨骼肌萎缩基因显着下调，氧化肌球蛋白重链亚型、线粒体生物发生和氧化磷酸化调节基因上调在骨骼肌组织中。口服GBE和GinRe增强骨骼肌组织中SIRT1的蛋白表达、腺苷单磷酸激活蛋白激酶（AMPK）/PGC-1α/过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-δ（PPARδ）信号轴的磷酸化，起到运动的作用新陈代谢调节剂。这些结果表明 GBE 和 GinRe 有可能通过线粒体生物发生来增强运动表现。