The field of biosensing would significantly benefit from a disruptive technology enabling flexible manufacturing of uniform electrodes. Inkjet printing holds promise for this, although realizing full electrode manufacturing with this technology remains challenging. We introduce a nitrogen-doped carboxylated graphene ink (NGA-ink) compatible with commercially available printing technologies. The water-based and additive-free NGA-ink was utilized to produce fully inkjet-printed electrodes (IPEs), which demonstrated successful electrochemical detection of the important neurotransmitter dopamine. The cost-effectiveness of NGA-ink combined with a total cost per electrode of $0.10 renders it a practical solution for customized electrode manufacturing. Furthermore, the high carboxyl group content of NGA-ink (13 wt%) presents opportunities for biomolecule immobilization, paving the way for the development of advanced state-of-the-art biosensors. This study highlights the potential of NGA inkjet-printed electrodes in revolutionizing sensor technology, offering an affordable, scalable alternative to conventional electrochemical systems.

中文翻译：

---

基于石墨烯衍生物的墨水推进了用于制造电化学传感器和生物传感器的喷墨打印技术

生物传感领域将大大受益于能够灵活制造均匀电极的颠覆性技术。尽管利用该技术实现全电极制造仍然具有挑战性，但喷墨印刷有望实现这一点。我们推出了一种与商用印刷技术兼容的氮掺杂羧基石墨烯墨水（NGA-ink）。水基且无添加剂的 NGA 墨水被用来生产完全喷墨印刷的电极（IPE），这证明了重要神经递质多巴胺的成功电化学检测。 NGA-ink 的成本效益加上每个电极 0.10 美元的总成本，使其成为定制电极制造的实用解决方案。此外，NGA-ink 的高羧基含量（13 wt%）为生物分子固定提供了机会，为先进的最先进生物传感器的开发铺平了道路。这项研究强调了 NGA 喷墨印刷电极在彻底改变传感器技术方面的潜力，为传统电化学系统提供了一种经济实惠、可扩展的替代方案。