Aiming to reveal structural mechanisms and filler fraction on energy dissipation of Mullins effect in silicone rubber, tension small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) were conducted. Two fractions of silica, 18.4 % (S50) and 26.5 % (S80), were utilized for variable amplitude loading investigation. The aggregates of both S50 and S80 keep as a stiff and stable unit with sizes of 53 nm and 45 nm during cyclic deformation, respectively. While the correlation lengths (CL) of both samples arise when the nominal strain () surpasses 1.5, and increase from 108 nm to 126 nm and 100 nm–122 nm, respectively. The maximum stress and the normalized recovery hysteresis energy () behaviors likewise exhibit a strain threshold. in all cycles prior to the of 1.0. When the surpasses 1.5, for the first loop of each strain region. Hence, combining with the constitutive model analysis, the strain threshold for rubber matrix and filler network to each dominate the response to outfield loading were explored, along with the crucial impacts of filler percentage on different loading histories and extents.

中文翻译：

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可视化填料网络揭示硅橡胶 Mullins 效应能量耗散的结构机制

为了揭示结构机制和填料分数对硅橡胶 Mullins 效应能量耗散的影响，进行了张力小角 X 射线散射 (SAXS)。两种二氧化硅组分，18.4% (S50) 和 26.5% (S80)，用于变幅载荷研究。 S50和S80的聚集体在循环变形过程中分别保持为刚性和稳定的单元，尺寸分别为53 nm和45 nm。当标称应变 () 超过 1.5 时，两个样品的相关长度 (CL) 均出现，并分别从 108 nm 增加到 126 nm 和 100 nm–122 nm。最大应力和归一化恢复滞后能 () 行为同样表现出应变阈值。在 1.0 之前的所有周期中。当超过1.5时，为每个应变区域的第一个循环。因此，结合本构模型分析，探讨了橡胶基体和填料网络各自主导外场载荷响应的应变阈值，以及填料百分比对不同载荷历史和程度的关键影响。