Mechanoluminescent materials refer to substances that emit light in response to mechanical stimuli. While these materials exhibit unique properties ideal for stress-based wearable device, structure diagnosis, and anticounterfeiting applications, their utilization in the biomedical field has been relatively underexplored. This comprehensive review aims to provide an extensive overview of the latest advancements in mechanoluminescent light sources, including trap-controlled mechanoluminescence and chemiluminescence/bioluminescence-based mechanoluminescence. We delve into their working principles, synthesis methods, and intricate details of their biomedical applications. Additionally, we highlight existing challenges in mechanoluminescent materials, such as synthesis strategy, mechanism elucidation, and functionalization, subsequently proposing potential solutions essential for advancing their biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

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基于纳米结构系统的机械发光光源在生物医学应用中的应用：综述

机械发光材料是指响应机械刺激而发光的物质。虽然这些材料表现出独特的性能，非常适合基于应力的可穿戴设备、结构诊断和防伪应用，但它们在生物医学领域的应用尚未得到充分探索。这篇全面的综述旨在广泛概述机械发光光源的最新进展，包括陷阱控制的机械发光和基于化学发光/生物发光的机械发光。我们深入研究它们的工作原理、合成方法及其生物医学应用的复杂细节。此外，我们强调了机械发光材料现有的挑战，例如合成策略、机制阐明和功能化，随后提出了推进其生物医学应用所必需的潜在解决方案。