Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, two-dimensional materials have attracted increasing attention due to their unique structure, excellent conductivity, and high electrochemical activity. This review begins by providing an overview of the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional layered nanomaterials, such as graphene, transition metal chalcogenides, transition metal carbides, and nitrides. It summarizes their applications in different types of batteries, including lithium-ion batteries, aluminum-ion batteries, dual-ion batteries, etc., based on their respective physical and chemical properties. The synthesis methods of these two-dimensional layered materials are briefly discussed. The focus then shifts to the reasons why two-dimensional layered nanomaterials, when employed as cathode materials, enhance battery performance. Additionally, strategies for optimizing certain two-dimensional layered nanomaterials are explored to further enhance their performance as cathode materials in batteries. Finally, future research prospects are discussed.

中文翻译：

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电池中的分层二维材料

自2004年石墨烯被发现以来，二维材料因其独特的结构、优异的导电性和高电化学活性而受到越来越多的关注。本综述首先概述了二维层状纳米材料（例如石墨烯、过渡金属硫属化物、过渡金属碳化物和氮化物）的物理和化学性质。根据各自的物理和化学特性，总结了它们在不同类型电池中的应用，包括锂离子电池、铝离子电池、双离子电池等。简要讨论了这些二维层状材料的合成方法。然后焦点转向二维层状纳米材料用作阴极材料时增强电池性能的原因。此外，还探索了优化某些二维层状纳米材料的策略，以进一步增强其作为电池正极材料的性能。最后，讨论了未来的研究前景。