Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and deadly primary brain tumor type, with a discouragingly low survival rate and few effective treatments. An important function of the EGFR signalling pathway in the development of GBM is to affect tumor proliferation, persistence, and treatment resistance. Advances in molecular biology in the last several years have shown how important ncRNAs are for controlling a wide range of biological activities, including cancer progression and development. NcRNAs have become important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and they may affect the EGFR pathway by either directly targeting EGFR or by modifying important transcription factors and downstream signalling molecules. The EGFR pathway is aberrantly activated in response to the dysregulation of certain ncRNAs, which has been linked to GBM carcinogenesis, treatment resistance, and unfavourable patient outcomes. We review the literature on miRNAs, circRNAs and lncRNAs that are implicated in the regulation of EGFR signalling in GBM, discussing their mechanisms of action, interactions with the signalling pathway, and implications for GBM therapy. Furthermore, we explore the potential of ncRNA-based strategies to overcome resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies, including the use of ncRNA mimics or inhibitors to modulate the activity of key regulators within the pathway.

中文翻译：

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探索胶质母细胞瘤中 ncRNA 介导的 EGFR 信号传导调节：从机制到治疗

胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是最常见和致命的原发性脑肿瘤类型，其存活率低得令人沮丧，且有效的治疗方法很少。 EGFR信号通路在GBM发展中的一个重要功能是影响肿瘤增殖、持续性和治疗耐药性。过去几年分子生物学的进展表明 ncRNA 对于控制广泛的生物活性（包括癌症进展和发展）有多么重要。 NcRNA已成为基因表达的重要转录后调节因子，它们可能通过直接靶向EGFR或通过修饰重要的转录因子和下游信号分子来影响EGFR通路。 EGFR 通路因某些 ncRNA 的失调而异常激活，这与 GBM 癌变、治疗耐药和不良的患者预后有关。我们回顾了有关 GBM 中 EGFR 信号传导调节的 miRNA、circRNA 和 lncRNA 的文献，讨论了它们的作用机制、与信号通路的相互作用以及对 GBM 治疗的影响。此外，我们探索基于 ncRNA 的策略克服 EGFR 靶向治疗耐药性的潜力，包括使用 ncRNA 模拟物或抑制剂来调节通路内关键调节因子的活性。