While insightful, ecological networks (ENs) incorporated in landscape planning and management may not provide a sufficient reference for maintaining biodiversity without explicit species information and coordinated actions, particularly in urban agglomeration areas. To address this gap, we conducted a study in Southern Jiangsu to refine the habitat ranges of 25 target species within the current ecological spaces by integrating explicit species information and diversified environmental variables using the MaxEnt model. Subsequently, an eco-space network and a habitat network were established for the region with identified connectivity hotspots as strategic areas for optimizing ENs. To assess the potential impacts of divergent actions during implementation, we developed four decision-making criteria from global and local views to simulate multiple optimization scenarios. These scenarios were quantitatively evaluated based on connectivity performance using cohesive metrics derived from complex network theory. Our findings demonstrated that incorporating species distribution and their interactions with the environment into ENs establishment can strengthen biodiversity conservation planning schemes within a limited range of regional ecological spaces. Furthermore, it highlighted shortcomings such as lack of focus on landscape priorities, discrepancies in corridors, and underestimation of landscape fragmentation caused by solely relying on an eco-space network-based approach. During optimization efforts, our results revealed that adopting a criterion focused on maximizing the number of strategic areas while adhering to a total area threshold can lead to a more connected and effective habitat network strategy when coordinating individual cities from a global view. This study provides valuable insights into prioritized landscapes and offers practical contributions toward mitigating biodiversity loss and improving urban sustainability.

中文翻译：

---

加强物种信息明确和空间协调优化的生态网络建设，支撑城市景观规划和管理

尽管富有洞察力，但纳入景观规划和管理的生态网络（EN）在没有明确的物种信息和协调行动的情况下，可能无法为维持生物多样性提供足够的参考，特别是在城市群地区。为了解决这一差距，我们在苏南地区进行了一项研究，利用 MaxEnt 模型整合明确的物种信息和多样化的环境变量，细化当前生态空间内 25 个目标物种的栖息地范围。随后，为该区域建立了生态空间网络和栖息地网络，并确定了连接热点作为优化 EN 的战略区域。为了评估实施过程中不同行动的潜在影响，我们从全局和局部角度制定了四个决策标准来模拟多种优化场景。使用源自复杂网络理论的内聚指标，根据连接性能对这些场景进行定量评估。我们的研究结果表明，将物种分布及其与环境的相互作用纳入生态系统建立可以加强有限范围的区域生态空间内的生物多样性保护规划方案。此外，它还强调了缺乏对景观优先级的关注、廊道差异以及仅仅依靠基于生态空间网络的方法造成的景观破碎化的低估等缺点。在优化过程中，我们的结果表明，在从全球角度协调各个城市时，采用侧重于最大化战略区域数量的标准，同时遵守总面积阈值，可以导致更加互联和有效的栖息地网络战略。这项研究为优先景观提供了宝贵的见解，并为减轻生物多样性丧失和提高城市可持续性做出了实际贡献。