Lifestyle plays an important role in preventing and managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In response to the conflicting results in previous studies, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate this association. Relevant studies published until January 2023 were retrieved from 6 databases, and the prevalence of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux (GER) or GERD was determined from the original studies. A random effects model was employed to meta-analyze the association by computing the pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Furthermore, subgroup and dose–response analyses were performed to explore subgroup differences and the association between cumulative physical activity (PA) time and GERD. This meta-analysis included 33 studies comprising 242,850 participants. A significant negative association was observed between PA and the prevalence of symptomatic GER (RR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.66–0.83; < 0.01) or GERD (RR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.76–0.84; < 0.01), suggesting that engaging in PA might confer a protective benefit against GERD. Subgroup analyses consistently indicated the presence of this association across nearly all subgroups, particularly among the older individuals (RR:RR = 0.85:0.69, < 0.01) and smokers (RR:RR = 0.67:0.82, = 0.03). Furthermore, a dose–response analysis revealed that individuals who engaged in 150 min of PA per week had a 72.09% lower risk of developing GERD. Maintaining high levels of PA decreased the risk of GERD, particularly among older adults and smokers. Meeting the recommended PA level of 150 min per week may significantly decrease the prevalence of GERD.

中文翻译：

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体力活动与胃食管反流病风险之间的关联：系统评价和荟萃分析

生活方式在预防和控制胃食管反流病（GERD）方面发挥着重要作用。针对先前研究中相互矛盾的结果，我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析来调查这种关联。从 6 个数据库中检索了截至 2023 年 1 月发表的相关研究，并根据原始研究确定了症状性胃食管反流 (GER) 或 GERD 的患病率。采用随机效应模型通过计算具有 95% 置信区间 (95% CI) 的汇总相对风险 (RR) 来对关联进行荟萃分析。此外，还进行了亚组和剂量反应分析，以探讨亚组差异以及累积体力活动（PA）时间与 GERD 之间的关联。这项荟萃分析包括 33 项研究，涉及 242,850 名参与者。 PA 与症状性 GER（RR = 0.74，95%CI：0.66-0.83；< 0.01）或 GERD（RR = 0.80，95%CI：0.76-0.84；< 0.01）患病率之间存在显着负相关，表明参与 PA 可能会对 GERD 产生保护作用。亚组分析一致表明几乎所有亚组都存在这种关联，特别是在老年人 (RR:RR = 0.85:0.69, < 0.01) 和吸烟者 (RR:RR = 0.67:0.82, = 0.03) 中。此外，剂量反应分析显示，每周进行 150 分钟体力活动的人患 GERD 的风险降低了 72.09%。维持高水平的 PA 可以降低胃食管反流病的风险，尤其是老年人和吸烟者。达到每周 150 分钟的建议 PA 水平可能会显着降低 GERD 的患病率。