The use of extracts rich in bioactive compounds is becoming increasingly common in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries for the production of functional products. Araticum is a potential fruit to be analyzed due to its content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids and vitamins, with antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound on total phenolic compounds, total carotenoids, ascorbic acid, color, turbidity and rheology in araticum juice. Response surface methodology based on a central composite design was applied. Araticum juice was subjected to sonication at amplitude levels ranging from 20 to 100 % of the total power (400 W) at a constant frequency of 20 kHz for different durations (2 to 10 min). Morphological analysis was conducted to observe microscopic particles, and viscosity and suitability to rheological models (Newtonian, Power Law, and Herschel-Bulkley) were assessed. The ultrasonic probe extraction method was compared to the control juice. According to the responses, using the desirability function, the optimal conditions for extraction were determined to be low power (low amplitude) applied in a short period of time or low power applied in a prolonged time. These conditions allowed an ultrasonic probe to act on releasing bioactive compounds without degrading them. All three rheological models were suitable, with the Power Law model being the most appropriate, exhibiting non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior.

中文翻译：

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强度超声对阿拉图姆（Annona crassiflora）汁流变特性和生物活性成分的影响

在食品、化妆品和制药行业中，使用富含生物活性化合物的提取物来生产功能性产品变得越来越普遍。阿拉蒂姆是一种有潜力进行分析的水果，因为它富含酚类化合物、类胡萝卜素和维生素，并具有抗氧化特性。因此，本研究旨在探讨超声波对花生汁中总酚类化合物、总类胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、颜色、浊度和流变学的影响。应用了基于中心复合设计的响应面方法。阿拉提果汁以总功率 (400 W) 20% 至 100% 的振幅水平、20 kHz 恒定频率、不同持续时间（2 至 10 分钟）进行超声处理。进行形态分析以观察微观颗粒，并评估粘度和流变模型（牛顿模型、幂律模型和赫歇尔-巴尔克利模型）的适用性。将超声波探针提取方法与对照果汁进行比较。根据响应，使用期望函数，确定提取的最佳条件是在短时间内施加低功率（低振幅）或在长时间内施加低功率。这些条件使得超声波探头能够释放生物活性化合物而不降解它们。所有三种流变模型都适用，其中幂律模型最合适，表现出非牛顿假塑性行为。