In the last decades, energy demand in the building sector has increased significantly, particularly for space cooling and heating. This increasing energy demand in buildings has become one of the serious concerns in many countries around the world due to its environmental and economic implications. The incorporation of thermal energy storage (TES) systems based on phase change materials (PCMs) into the building envelope offers an attractive solution for enhancing building energy efficiency while simultaneously decreasing both energy consumption and CO emissions. The literature presents different methods for incorporating Phase Change Materials (PCM) into different building elements. The present study offers a state-of-the-art review that covers recent research on the effectiveness of incorporating PCM into brick walls. The different techniques used for the integration of PCMs within the bricks are also presented. Furthermore, the study also investigates the influence of specific factors such as the type, the location, and the quantity of PCM integrated into brick walls on the enhancement of the energy efficiency and the indoor thermal comfort of buildings. The main finding derived from this review indicates that the utilization of PCMs in brick walls displays a promising technology to reduce indoor temperature fluctuations and save energy.

中文翻译：

---

利用 PCM 集成砖墙提高建筑能源效率和热性能：全面回顾

在过去的几十年中，建筑领域的能源需求显着增加，特别是空间制冷和供暖方面。由于其对环境和经济的影响，建筑物日益增长的能源需求已成为世界许多国家严重关注的问题之一。将基于相变材料 (PCM) 的热能储存 (TES) 系统纳入建筑围护结构中，为提高建筑能源效率、同时减少能源消耗和二氧化碳排放提供了一种有吸引力的解决方案。文献提出了将相变材料 (PCM) 融入不同建筑构件的不同方法。本研究提供了最新的综述，涵盖了有关将 PCM 融入砖墙的有效性的最新研究。还介绍了用于将 PCM 集成到砖块中的不同技术。此外，该研究还调查了砖墙中集成的 PCM 的类型、位置和数量等具体因素对提高建筑能源效率和室内热舒适度的影响。本次审查的主要发现表明，在砖墙中使用相变材料是一种很有前途的技术，可以减少室内温度波动并节省能源。