Populism is multilayered and involves two main dimensions – ideology and strategy – which are employed within and beyond political parties. These dimensions can result in sometimes overlapping but generally divergent backlashes, targeting specific climate and sustainability interventions in cities. This critical commentary presents episodic populist backlashes against urban climate actions by exploring how they create their own political landscapes across the political spectrum in cities against progressive urban climate agendas. Specifically, the article examines how episodic populist backlashes manifest on an urban scale and highlights the need for urban scholars to pay more attention to the phenomenon. The article proposes two complementary explanations for why populism precedes urban climate actions in episodic and thematic ways. These explanations include policy backlashes against diffused global climate norms in cities, and counter-movements and rhetoric against climate justice and what it entails, such as inclusion in decision-making and intersectionality. The article then concludes by offering a research agenda on the episodic populist backlashes against urban climate actions, which highlights the need for a better understanding of how episodic populist movements might emerge into global climate policy diffusion, and climate justice coupled with intersectionality in cities of the Global North and Global South.

中文翻译：

---

民粹主义者对城市气候行动的间歇性强烈抵制

民粹主义是多层次的，涉及两个主要维度——意识形态和战略——它们在政党内部和外部都有所运用。这些维度可能会导致有时重叠但总体上不同的强烈反对，针对城市中特定的气候和可持续发展干预措施。这篇批判性评论通过探讨民粹主义者如何在城市政治领域创造自己的政治格局来反对进步的城市气候议程，从而呈现了民粹主义者对城市气候行动的强烈抵制。具体而言，本文探讨了偶发性民粹主义反弹如何在城市规模上表现出来，并强调城市学者需要更多关注这一现象。文章对为什么民粹主义以片段和主题方式先于城市气候行动提出了两种补充解释。这些解释包括对城市中分散的全球气候规范的政策抵制，以及针对气候正义及其含义（例如纳入决策和交叉性）的反运动和言论。文章最后提出了关于偶发性民粹主义对城市气候行动的强烈抵制的研究议程，该议程强调需要更好地理解偶发性民粹主义运动如何融入全球气候政策传播以及气候正义与城市中的交叉性。北半球和南半球。