In this study, a cost‐effective and stable heterogeneous acidic carbocatalyst (CZnLS950) derived from Na‐lignosulfonate (LS), a side product of the paper industry, was employed to produce hydrocarbon fuels through the pyrolysis of waste cooking oil (WCO) and crude natural‐oil extracted from sunflower seeds, aligning with the principles of the circular economy. To enhance its practicality in industrial settings, the catalyst was synthesized in pellet form, enabling easy separation from the biofuel produced during the reaction. CZnLS950 exhibited remarkable catalytic efficiency in the pyrolysis of WCO, resulting in a 71 wt.% liquid biofuel yield under mild conditions. This performance is attributed to the unique synthesis procedure of acidic carbocatalyst, which utilizes LS and nano ZnO (20 nm) to create a hierarchical pore structure with acidic properties (1.1 mmol of NH3 g‐1). Stability and reusability of the carbocatalyst were evaluated, and the results showed excellent stability with small catalytic deactivation (~5 wt.%) after the fourth use. Attempts at distinct catalytic mechanisms for WCO and sunflower seeds crude natural‐oil pyrolysis were provided to understand the processes involved in obtaining the two different biofuels produced. Overall, this study sets the stage for exploring Lignosulfonate‐based materials to achieve renewable biofuel from recycling streams.

中文翻译：

---

木质素磺酸盐基碳负载颗粒催化剂可提高废食用油可持续生物燃料生产

在这项研究中，一种经济有效且稳定的多相酸性碳催化剂（CZnLS950）源自造纸工业的副产品木质素磺酸钠（LS），通过热解废食用油（WCO）和从葵花籽中提取的天然原油，符合循环经济的原则。为了增强其在工业环境中的实用性，催化剂被合成为颗粒形式，从而能够轻松地与反应过程中产生的生物燃料分离。 CZnLS950 在 WCO 热解中表现出显着的催化效率，在温和条件下产生 71 wt.% 的液体生物燃料产率。这一性能归功于酸性碳催化剂的独特合成程序，该程序利用LS和纳米ZnO（20 nm）创建具有酸性特性​​的分级孔结构（1.1 mmol NH3 g-1）。对碳催化剂的稳定性和可重复使用性进行了评估，结果显示出优异的稳定性，在第四次使用后催化失活很小（~5 wt.%）。对 WCO 和葵花籽粗天然油热解的不同催化机制进行了尝试，以了解获得两种不同生物燃料所涉及的过程。总体而言，这项研究为探索木质素磺酸盐基材料以从回收流中获得可再生生物燃料奠定了基础。