is part of the commensal microbiota of the skin and mucous membranes, though it can also act as a pathogen in certain scenarios, causing a range of infections, including periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Transcriptomic profiling may provide insights into mechanisms by which adapts while in a pathogenic compared to a commensal state. Here, a total RNA-sequencing approach was used to profile and compare the transcriptomes of 19 paired PJI-associated samples from an clinical source and grown in laboratory culture. Genomic comparison of PJI-associated and publicly available commensal-state isolates were also compared. Of the 1919 total transcripts found, 145 were from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when comparing or samples. Forty-two transcripts were upregulated and 103 downregulated in samples. Of note, metal sequestration-associated genes, specifically those related to staphylopine activity (, cntK, , and ), were upregulated in a subset of clinical compared to laboratory grown samples. About 70% of the total transcripts and almost 50% of the DEGs identified have not yet been annotated. There were no significant genomic differences between known commensal and PJI-associated isolates, suggesting that differential genomics may not play a role in pathogenicity. In conclusion, this study provides insights into phenotypic alterations employed by to adapt to infective and non-infected microenvironments, potentially informing future therapeutic targets for related infections.

中文翻译：

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体内外条件下与假体周围感染相关的表皮葡萄球菌的转录组学比较分析

它是皮肤和粘膜共生微生物群的一部分，但在某些情况下它也可以充当病原体，引起一系列感染，包括假体周围感染 (PJI)。转录组分析可以提供对致病状态与共生状态相比的适应机制的见解。在这里，使用总 RNA 测序方法来分析和比较来自临床来源并在实验室培养中生长的 19 个配对 PJI 相关样本的转录组。还对 PJI 相关菌株和公开的共生状态菌株的基因组进行了比较。在比较或采样时发现的 1919 个总转录本中，有 145 个来自差异表达基因 (DEG)。样本中 42 个转录本上调，103 个转录本下调。值得注意的是，与实验室生长的样本相比，金属封存相关基因，特别是与葡萄碱活性相关的基因（、cntK、、和）在临床子集中上调。大约 70% 的总转录本和近 50% 的 DEG 尚未被注释。已知的共生菌株和 PJI 相关菌株之间没有显着的基因组差异，这表明差异基因组可能在致病性中不起作用。总之，这项研究提供了对适应感染和非感染微环境所采用的表型改变的见解，可能为相关感染的未来治疗目标提供信息。