To analysis of quasispecies (QS) changes and high-frequency mutations in the BCP/PreC/C region of patients at different phases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and provides novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. With the application of next-generation sequencing technology, we were able to sequence the HBV BCP/PreC/C regions in 40 patients, each at different phases of the HBV infection. The heterogeneity of QS and the frequency of mutations were calculated using MEGA 7 software. Our results show that the complexity and diversity of the BCP/PreC/C QS in HBeAg-positive CHB patients are significantly higher than those in HBeAg-positive chronic infection patients, while HBeAg-negative chronic infection patients had significantly higher QS complexity and diversity than HBeAg-negative CHB patients. In addition, HBeAg-negative patients showed reduced complexity but increased diversity compared with HBeAg-positive patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that G1764A, C2102T, and complexity of QS could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosing HBeAg-positive CHB, while the A2189C, and complexity of QS could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosing HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis. Finally, our study also found that G1896A and A2159G may be hotspot mutations affecting HBeAg seroconversion. Our research elucidates the evolution of HBV by analyzing QS heterogeneity and mutation patterns, offering novel serum biomarkers for enhancing clinical diagnosis and disease prognosis. This comprehensive approach sheds light on the intricate dynamics of HBV progression and paves the way for more precise medical interventions.

中文翻译：

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使用下一代测序表征不同阶段 HBV 感染的初治患者的 BCP/PreC/C 区准种

分析乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染不同阶段患者BCP/PreC/C区的准种（QS）变化和高频突变，为慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者的诊断提供新的生物标志物。通过应用新一代测序技术，我们能够对 40 名处于 HBV 感染不同阶段的患者的 HBV BCP/PreC/C 区域进行测序。使用MEGA 7软件计算QS的异质性和突变频率。我们的研究结果表明，HBeAg阳性CHB患者的BCP/PreC/C QS复杂性和多样性显着高于HBeAg阳性慢性感染患者，而HBeAg阴性慢性感染患者的QS复杂性和多样性显着高于HBeAg阳性慢性感染患者。 HBeAg 阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者。此外，与 HBeAg 阳性患者相比，HBeAg 阴性患者的复杂性降低，但多样性增加。受试者工作特征曲线显示，G1764A、C2102T和QS复杂性可作为诊断HBeAg阳性CHB的潜在生物标志物，而A2189C和QS复杂性可作为诊断HBeAg阴性慢性肝炎的潜在生物标志物。最后，我们的研究还发现G1896A和A2159G可能是影响HBeAg血清转换的热点突变。我们的研究通过分析 QS 异质性和突变模式来阐明 HBV 的进化，为增强临床诊断和疾病预后提供新的血清生物标志物。这种综合方法揭示了乙型肝炎进展的复杂动态，并为更精确的医疗干预措施铺平了道路。